Popular culture can be seenas a tool for maintaining status quo, discuss this point of view

Marxist school of thought argues that society is structured by and is divided into classes with the ruling one being at the top of the hierarchy. No matter which class takes that social power (hegemony) and becomes the bourgeoisie of its time, there is always a need to maintain it, thus controlling the proletariat by any means at hand. In this essay I will discuss how popular culture is used to achieve this goal according to the Marxist point of view. In the modern times culture and classes are mostly confined within individual states, although interchangeable cultural values and process of globalisation might be developing in our society, they are not yet matured enough to challenge the key capitalist ideology. The state in opinion of such Marxist as Louis Althusser is the kind of governmental formation that arises with capitalism; a state (term ‘nation' can also be applicable in this case) is determined by the capitalist mode of production and formed to protect its interests. It is historically true (whether you are a Marxist or not) that the idea of nations as discrete units is coterminous with capitalism. He sees such political ideologies as democracy for example, as providers of an illusion that all people are equal, and have equal power (and hence masks relations of economic exploitation). ‘Culture is a constant succession of social practices: it is therefore inherently political' (John Fiske) Althusser stated in his works that there are two main ways in which the elite can manipulate lower classes; Ideological State Apparatuses is one of such mechanisms. These are institutions, which generate ideologies, which we as individuals (and groups) then internalize, and act in accordance with. Examples include schools, religions, the family, legal systems, politics, arts, sports and media. As we will see later, popular culture can be used in conjunction with these ISAs. Since the end of 19th century television started to play a major role in our lives. It generates values, ideas and messages that we often do not question thoroughly enough to understand their indented meanings. Thus, arguably it is the tool social elite uses to controls us. Due to the fact that television is often blended into the term popular culture or is defined as significant element of popular culture; I shall base my discussion around its example. According to such theorists as John Fiske and Wiesengrund Adorno mass media promote low cultural concepts (to which all this of popularity are assigned according to elitist point of view) that are meant to keep the members of the lower society classes passive or even narcotized to fuel the capitalist machine. A good example would be a BBC news report that is considered to be trustworthy source of information. Every day before report goes on air its content is carefully edited to fit in with the current government agendas and social norms. Even though issues raised may concern a variety of professional debates within the society, they are simplified and implemented in the standardized language to be easily understood, hence dummed down to the level of the lowest common denominator that is proletariat. Amongst such concepts is commodity culture which links well with the culture industry. First endorses the view that people in modern society are nothing more than a set of branded goods and are easily manipulated. This theory connotes that anything could be purchased in the capitalist society for a certain amount of money that serve as ultimate lever of the classes. John Fiske goes on to expand this idea to suggest that even loyalty, love and friendship values can be corrupted by this type of popular culture. Supporting these statements is a difficult task; however, let us look at some common to all of us things. Non-compulsory military service could suggest purchasable loyalty; it offers good wages and high quality training in exchange for your life (extreme and blunt example yet makes a point). Commodity culture in its turn, as stated by Adorno, keeps us passively satisfied and politically disinterested. It provides us with false needs to take care of and a set of fetishistic desires, which invade our lives. All of this is said to exhaust our economic potential to the point we loose our upward mobility and become an inactive part of the society that poses no threat to the ruling elite's hegemony. Take reality TV shows and property market. Do we really need to know that some of our fellow humans can't sing? Or do we need to keep buying and selling properties until we have large mortgages, high levels of stress and no real power? Yet most of the people master the art of making do that is popular culture values. Finally French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu divided capital into cultural and financial parts. He reasoned that similar to variable access to money and thus power by different classes and social groups, there is a variable possession of cultural and symbolic power. Hence by embracing popular culture we lower our cultural capital that affects our status and meaning within the modern society. Marxist view of the society is quite dated now, yet it still provides alarmingly appropriate to modern day life ideas. Nonetheless, it is important to understand that in its extreme and pure form Marxist view can only lead to wild conspiracy theories and delusional arguments. In my opinion Marxism should be used in conjunction and contrast with its rival theories in order to reach realistic conclusions.

Causes of homelessness Essay

This essay will focus on two causes of homelessness, financial problems and family issues and illustrate some effects. In the first place, one of the main reasons that people become homeless is financial problems. As a result their physical condition will be very vulnerable. The personal bankruptcy causes their house to be repossessed, forcing them leave home and sleep anywhere they can find. No permanent house to live, no shelter, no bed, leaving them with a poor and unpredictable life. It will be a great danger especially in winter when many homeless people can sometimes freeze to death. Another thing that can affect homeless people’s health is lack of food. Their financial problems mean that they only have little money to live on. They do not even have enough money to buy basic food, not to mention high quality nutritious food. Only the cheapest food can be afforded which usually has very low nutrition and is bad quality. According to the scientific research we know long term insufficient intake of nutritious food can cause people to have a low immune system which makes them vulnerable to disease and that can lead them to another serious problem which is they do not have enough money to see doctor. Due to the financial problem they have to ignore the disease no matter how badly they are suffering. This kind behavior can cause many serious consequences because without medical care even a disease like a cold can be deadly. Although financial difficulty is a common reason for homelessness and has a serious influence on their physical health, family issues, like divorce or domestic violence, is also a significant factor that can lead to homelessness, especially among adolescents. Because teenagers have not developed maturity, in this period they need their parents’ company and guidance to develop psychological health like self-esteem, but homelessness forces them to go out into society when their m ental state is still very fragile. Since human beings have evolved into intelligent and emotional beings, self-esteem has always played a very important role in sustaining people’s mental health. Because homeless people’s living condition is very poor, they always look sloppy and that causes other people to be unwilling to talk to them. As a result the homeless people feel alienated by other people and feel no one cares about them anymore. At first they may become very angry, then they fell frustrated, and finally they quit on themselves and cannot feel their value to this society hence they start to see themselves as a burden to the  society. In this process their self-esteem becomes lower and lower and finally they may suffer severe mental damage.

Customer service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Customer service - Essay Example It has become a need for most and strives to satisfy their taste buds and continues to grow (Cantalupo, 2004). Each country has its own Country Manager and General Manager that look after the proceedings of the network existing in that country. Furthermore management is diversified in each city and each outlet to make the responsibilities defined yet all the outlets are connected in a chain and part of a supply chain that ensures safe and healthy food for the valued customers. Its various departments work efficiently and coherently with each other to achieve good quality and excellent service. Time management is the major factor in running such a vast chain of quick service restaurants. For this the supply chain management module is the key to everything. Suppliers need to be trusted and responsible identities as the supply of raw material should be smooth and timely. They have to keep backup of stock so that there is no possibility of shortage or unavailability of order (Lessnau, 20 04). For this they need to keep a constant track of each and every supply of raw materials and require coordination among all departments. During our interview at McDonalds I was told that they forecast three months while managing their supply chain. For instance, now in the month of April, they were forecasting the supply until July and keeping all factors in mind to ensure that there is no shortage or other issues. This requires a coherent hierarchy of authorities and coordination among departments thus giving rise to proper and smooth vertical as well as horizontal communication (Phillips, 2004). The service process at McDonalds is based on Physical or service product bundle theory. They are a restaurant that has its USP not just in the product they are providing but also the service that accompanies with it. Another major aspect of the design process of McDonalds is their face to face interaction with their customers. All of their sales take place after interaction with a McDona lds rep and this is why they play such an integral role in the whole design process. Whether it is the restaurant counter, drive through or hotline for delivery, customers make their purchase through the representative (Chase, Jacobs & Aquilano, 2004). With so many channels of sale in place, it is imperative to have a service process that is flawless. With millions of customers rolling in everyday all around the world and tones of food being sold, any glitch in the design process could prove fatal. In this report, we will be studying the current service process system in place at McDonalds and proposing a new and improved one for them. The service design blueprint The process in place in McDonalds is structured on exquisite supply chain management module that makes it the success it is today. Following is a blueprint of the ordering process when a customer places an order at McDonalds. The above blue print explains how the restaurant backroom functions when a customer places an orde r. This shows the movements of the ingredients from the time the order is placed till the time the order is finally delivered to the customer. However, one thing missing in this is the process where the raw material or the supply chain is being handled. Following is a separate module that McDonalds have in place for that: As displayed in the process

Constitutional Challenges Associated With Investigating Cybercrimes Term Paper

Constitutional Challenges Associated With Investigating Cybercrimes - Term Paper Example However, these developments have presented the world with new types of threats that can potentially compromise security, privacy, and safety of the internet users. As a result, there have emerged modern systems of law enforcement that are aimed at providing security and order and at the same time maintaining liberty and freedom in an open society. Rapid technological developments have called for intense policing of cyberspace as these developments have threatened to cyber security not just in individual countries, but has also transcended individual countries boundaries (Walden, 2005). Cyber security has been threatened by the new methods of communications and increasing freedom and anonymity in communications. There has been increasing need to balance between providing order and security in the cyberspace and maintaining freedom and liberty in the society. Cybercrime is the term that is being in describing security challenges and threats that the cyberspace is facing in the face of rapid technological developments. In simple terms, cybercrimes are defined as any criminal acts which deal with computer networks and computers. Also, cybercrimes are defined as the criminal acts or offences which are committed against groups of individuals or individuals with a criminal intentions aimed at harming the reputation and status of the victims or to cause mental or physical harm to the victim either indirectly or directly, through the use of modern networks of telecommunications such as the mobile phones and the internet. Cybercrimes not only threatens individuals’ security, but also threatens national and international security. Issues that surround cybercrimes include copyright infringement, child grooming, financial theft, privacy, cracking, espionage, cyber terrorism and child pornography among others (Hinde, 2003). It is agreeable tha t cybercrimes is one of the most serious crimes that the world is facing currently as it threatens not only individuals’ security but also national and international security. The serious nature of these crimes is evident by the intense measures that have been put in place to counter them both at the national and international levels (Taylor and Morgan, 2002). There are concerted efforts among all the telecommunications players, national governments, and the international community to counter cybercrimes and the threats that such crimes present. However, whereas there is the desire to counter cyber crimes at all levels, this desire and efforts are hampered by the various challenges associated with investigation and prosecution of cybercrimes. One of the main challenges that face efforts to counter cybercrimes is constitutional challenges. In particular, constitutional challenges greatly hamper the efforts to investigate cybercrimes (Walden, 2005). In order to have a deeper un derstanding of how constitutional challenges affect cybercrimes investigation, this paper will seek to analyze the constitutional challenges and how they are associated with investigating cybercrimes. In the United States, just like in most countries of the world, all the laws and procedures and practices such as investigation and prosecution should be consistent with the constitutio

With the increasing pressure following the recession, is CEO pay a Dissertation

With the increasing pressure following the recession, is CEO pay a justifiable way of rewarding CEO's A contrast between the UK - Dissertation Example Thus, with the aim to evaluate the difference in the CEO compensation structure in the US and the UK, three objectives were set. Data was gathered through previous academic papers and studies. The theories on CEO pay are disjointed and competing against each other. At the same time, the study also reveals that there is no consensus on what should be taken as fair pay. As the business environment changed, the macro-economic factors influenced CEO pay. Incentives were needed to attract and retain talent; it was also necessary to be comparable with the peer group. All these led to excessive CEO pay which suggests weak corporate governance structure and lack of management control. Firms could find loopholes even in regulations and codes of conduct. Statistics also reveal wide disparities in CEO pay and the workers’ pay. There is no consensus on the benefits of linking performance to pay and it has been used to suit individual conveniences. A comparison of the practices in the US a nd UK reveal certain differences. More of rent extraction practices can be found among the US firms where shareholders and investors have little knowledge of the firm’s operations. However, in the UK the shareholders are involved in ‘say to pay’ and the decisions are collaborative. ... ories on CEO compensation 5 2.4 CEO Pay history and current trends 7 2.5 Market Forces or Drivers of CEO compensation 9 2.6 Debates on the upward trend in CEO pay 11 2.7 CEO equity-based grants and firm performance 14 Chapter III Methodology 3.1 Chapter Overview 16 3.2 Research Phenomenon 16 3.3 Research Design 16 3.4 Research Methodology 16 3.5 Data Collection 17 3.6 Sources of Data 17 3.7 Data Analysis 18 3.8 Ethical Concerns 18 Chapter IV Findings and Discussions 4.1 Chapter Overview 19 4.2 Agency Theory versus Rent Extraction 19 4.3 Forms of Compensation 19 4.4 Say on Pay 22 4.5 Pay for Performance 23 4.6 Pay Disclosure 24 Chapter V Conclusion and Recommendations 5.1 Conclusion 27 5.2 Recommendation for improving CEO pay 28 5.3 Limitations 29 5.4 Areas for further research 30 References 31 Appendices 34 Chapter I Introduction 1.1 Background Executive pay or chief executive officer (CEO) has come under heavy scrutiny particularly following economic recession and financial turbulen ce. Demand for restricting or regulating CEO pay or the issue of â€Å"fat cats† (Lin, Kuo and Wang, 2013) comes in times of economic crisis (Dittman, Maug and Zhang, 2011). Blinder (2009) refers to the incentives built into the compensation plans of many financial firms as â€Å"perverse† and attributes the financial crises to these â€Å"perverse† incentives (cited in Lin, Kuo and Wang, 2012). CEO pay has received enormous attention not just from the academics but also from the press (Gao, Harford, and Li, 2012). Every other day media reports of the excessively generous pay packages although there are diverse opinions over the pay packages granted to the executives. These arguments suggest that there is little correlation between economic conditions and executive pay. The CEO pay was subject

Organisation of the body Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Organisation of the body - Essay Example It has several functions, including; the control of DNA replication and gene expression, prevention of damage to DNA, enhancing mitosis by strengthening DNA, and packaging DNA strands to fit in nucleus (Lloyd & Beck, 2012: p27). This entails a network of membranes or tubes that connect the cellular membrane to the nuclear envelope. Involved in the metabolism of steroids and carbohydrates, synthesis of steroids and lipids, and receptor attachment on proteins of the cell membrane (Lloyd & Beck, 2012: p41). This is an endoplasmic reticulum studded on the outer surface with attached ribosomes, compared to SER that have none. These ribosomes manufacture proteins and deposit them in the lumen of the RER, after which they are transported as vesicles to the Golgi complex (Lloyd & Beck, 2012: p41). A stack of flattened compartments or sacs that receive proteins from the RER, which is crucial in the transport and modification of proteins. It is involved in the modification, packaging, and export of proteins to other cell organelles, such as the mitochondria, or for secretion by the cell (Lloyd & Beck, 2012: p43). They are tail-like projections found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and protrude from their cell body. They are longer than cilia, but fewer in number, and their major function is locomotion through whip-like movements that propel the cell through liquid matter (Lloyd & Beck, 2012: p32). These are peanut-shaped organelles with double membranes, whereby the inner membrane is folded to form cristae. Aerobic cellular respiration occurs here, as well as the breakdown of sugar molecules for production of energy in the form of ATP (Lloyd & Beck, 2012: p19). This is a large, oval organelle, which has at least one nucleolus and contains DNA. It also holds the cell’s hereditary material. Its main function is to control the activities of the cell, particularly with regards to reproduction,

Reflection about Management and Organizational Behavior Term Paper

Reflection about Management and Organizational Behavior - Term Paper Example However, effective leadership also depends upon how leaders mend their approaches to suit the characteristics of their followers. Drawing different leadership-related teachings from literature, the most applicable leadership to the situation at Buddy Delight will be identified and evaluated for its effectiveness and applicability. Buddy Delight, a fast food restaurant at the far end of the high street market in Brookshire, Colorado had to close its 5-year old business shortly after the sudden demise of its previous owner. Just before his death, the owner had expanded Buddy Delight to two more floors of the building; and had hired few employees. The owner’s son took over the business after his father’s demise, and brought about many changes, one of which included appointing a new manager in the restaurant section. During earlier years, all business related activities were managed by the owner, the sole manager of the restaurant. However, increasing number of customers and business resulted in high workload as a result of which the new owner decided to bring in more people to manage the business. New employees were hired again at various positions including managerial and reception, operations and for customer service activities. Dissatisfaction, frustration and low performance surfaced in the ope rations team within few weeks after they welcomed their new manager along with two new chefs in their team. The new manager was highly qualified management graduate and possessed years of managerial experience in the marketing division. He had the ability to command and get the tasks accomplished. The manager was young, energetic and highly innovative, which could have been the reasons that had pleased the owner’s son to hire the manager. This team comprised of 12 employees including 4 chefs and eight waiters that were responsible for working in the main restaurant section that was directly involved in preparing food items as per

The Emergence of Euro Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Emergence of Euro Companies - Essay Example This is quite astounding, particularly in regards to the United States, as the U.S. has, for quite some time now, been considered and known as being the most profitable and economically stable nation in the world. The issue of the emergence of Euro Companies as being significant global economic entities over the past few years is one which is of incredible importance and significance, and in order to be able to better understand about this matter overall, there are several factors that need to be thoroughly addressed and discussed. The aim of this paper is to not only discuss the issue of Euro Companies, what they are and their primary purpose, but as well to discuss the fact of how they emerged and became considered as being significant global economic entities, particularly over the past few decades. Therefore, here being discussed will not only be the topic of how Euro Companies have emerged and become significant global economic entities, but as well in regards to how operating a cross European culture and institutional boundaries may constitute as both a challenge and an opportunity for such organizations, as well as any and all other key and related issues. This is what will be dissertated in the following. In order to understand about Euro Companies in regards to any issue, you need to first recognize and understand about what Euro Companies actually are. Basically, and quite simply, a Euro Company is a company that is located or was begun in Europe or surrounding areas of Europe, and although they certainly do have many similarities to those companies that are in other areas of the world, particularly North America, there are many differences as well, of which are just as important, if not more, to take notice of. There are two constitutional principles in particular which are reflected with Euro Companies, which are subsidiarity and integration in the European Union, which clearly force the system overall to be one of jurisdictional competition. One of the core elements of the structure of European Company law consists of disclosure rules, and these rules are quite clearly dominant in European Company law in general, whether that is speaking in regards to accounting law, the law of capital markets, or in traditional EU Company Law Directives. The structure of Euro Company law is incredibly important to the issue of how these companies in particular have emerged as significant global economic entities however there are many other reasons that need to be taken into consideration as well. One incredibly important and significant issue that needs to be raised here is that of European oil companies in particular, as they have had a great impact on the overall emergence of European companies in general. Especially with the war in Iraq which has been going on for the past few years now, there has been an increasing need for oil, and it has been European companies more than any which have been able to produce this. North America particularly by far has been more in need than any other area in the world, as they have suffered the most from this lack of oil, and thus they have been creating a popularity with the Euro Companies because they have needed to import their oil from here. Global market forces in general, in fact, have truly created a dynamic and

BUS IP2 Unit 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

BUS IP2 Unit 5 - Essay Example The company has diverse operations, which are undertaken in the global market and have been found to influence operations and contribution to the firm’s profit. The company also implements diverse hedges against risks associated with exchange rates. However, there are effects of increase and decrease in the dollar’s exchange value on the firm’s profitability. The company has also established schemes to reduce the effect of the dollar exchange to the business operations. General Motors Company Introduction There are various multinational companies in the United States (U.S) that have been found to focus on diverse fields of operations. These companies have been analyzed and found to influence process involved in growth and development in diverse nations positively. This has also been found to create a conducive environment for improvement of individual’s living standards among individuals from diverse communities in the nation. Therefore, strategies have be en implemented to enhance operations undertaken by the Multi-National Enterprises in U.S. General Motors is one among the MNE’s in U.S dealing with automotive. ... However, it has been noted that the American dollar has been weakening over the years, and individuals from other nations have travelled to the U.S as foreign currency is also appreciating. Currency denominations have been found to vary, and this influences export and import price rates in different nations. Therefore, the company managers have established a method that enables other companies from diverse nations to access various goods and services produced by the company (Sinha & Sinha, 2009). This has been attained by evaluating the exchange rates between the U.S company price rates and the partnering nation. The company lowers the price rates of its revenues and costs to nations that have been considered as developing. Also, they should have a greater range of currency difference with the American dollar. This has helped influence development of diverse nations, despite the fact that, the nation is considered to be developing. Nations that are equal and exchange their currency a t fairly same price with the Americans have goods and services offered to them at relative same prices as the export price in the U.S. This has helped the company manage its prices, and reduce cases of loss being experienced in the organization (Feldstein, Hines & Hubbard, 2007). Therefore, the GM Company managers have used schemes that have been considered effective and efficient in ensuring individuals from diverse nations gain access to various spare parts and vehicles at prices that are considerably low and affordable based on their denominational currency. Operations undertaken by MNE's with multiple foreign operations include engaging in productions that

Case study , subject HUMAN RESOURCE STRATEGIES FOR THE INTERNATIONAL Essay

Case study , subject HUMAN RESOURCE STRATEGIES FOR THE INTERNATIONAL MANAGER - Essay Example This work has looked into the problems in detail using a combination of academic as well as practical perspectives so that fitting solutions can be derived. The results from this study indicate that Manners Europe will have to restructure current human resource management practises without compromising the overall framework brought in from the parent company. Measures include changes in the work schedule styles, compensation patterns as well as hiring and screening procedures. Manners Europe is experiencing visible problems with its human resource management framework being implemented in the European domain. The bulk of these problems originate from Netherlands that has comparably different norms from the American principals. The markedly different cultural attributes resound from the fact that employees expect different behaviour from management while management expects different behaviour from employees. As a result of this friction, neither employees nor management are able to solve this dilemma. It must also be borne in mind that Manners Europe derives itself and its structure from its American origins. Competitiveness and efficiency are the rule of the day for Manner Europe’s higher management who have been bred accordingly in the American organisational cultural perspective. However, for the Dutch working for the organisation, this mode of operation is opposed to cultural values that they have acquired through their socialisation process. The situation demands that the existing Americanised human resources framework of the organisation be adapted to the peculiarities of the Norwegian situation. However, while such an adaptation is being initiated it must be kept in mind that the entire framework should not be remodelled. Such a remodelling attempt would lead to multiple problems such as increased costs for remodelling as well as deviation from the principal

The Sherlock Holmes Essay Example for Free

The Sherlock Holmes Essay The methods of both Conan Doyle and HG Wells are similar as the use plenty of descriptive passages, packed full of sinister adjectives. They make good use of thermal and sound imaging, adding to the increasingly tense atmosphere. In HG Wells Red Room, the descriptive passages are large, never sparse but thick with a different level of English. For example, Wells wouldnt say the bookcase was scary, the book case would be ominous shrouded in a foreboding illumination: I heard the sound of a stick and a shambling step on the flags and the door creaked on its hinges. This highlights my above points but also how Wells has taken your stereotypical haunted house commodities cold stone floors, creaky doors and placed them with the added intensity of adjectives, adverbs to aid the growing fear. This language is reflected not just in the description but the choice of nouns: There were candles in the sockets of the sconces. Nowadays I dont think anybody uses sconces but rather candle sticks but for a modern reader looking at this tale, this uncommon noun will add to the menacing mood, for the simple fact that it is not a normal, everyday word. In Sherlock Holmes the descriptive passages are just as important to building the tension however they dont come in solid paragraphs, rather placed in and around to create the effect. I think this is due to the complexity of Holmes is mystery, Conan Doyle is offering you, red herrings, misleading information whereas Wells is telling you like it is: A flickering oil lamp The clink of horses hooves An endless succession of sombre and deserted streets These are a few examples of the more simple nature of Conan Doyles description. However I feel that the two writers are building to different levels. HG Wells is quite simply trying to build fear, looking to create a spooky, eerie atmosphere, whereas Conan Doyle is not looking for fear rather suspense. You could argue that they are the same thing but I see the Red Room as plain fear, one straight path to conclusion, whereas Conan Doyle offers you many paths with no obvious sign post. Of course there must be some fear, as Dr. Watson and Sherlock Holmes creep through Dr Roylotts garden (past foreign beats) or through the slums of London looking for Neville St Clairs assassin, but Conan Doyle also wants in trepidation, who is the murder?, kind of attitude. This brings me onto my next point, how do the authors work with the feelings of the reader in creating these effects? The Red Room, I feel would have had a better effect on a 19 century reader for the reader will belong to a religious generation, an era of great fear of the supernatural whereas today it is accepted that there are no such things as ghosts. I think Wells worked with this audience, building on beliefs that the reader already had, aiding his creation of his desired atmosphere. Conan Doyle similarly was working with an audience gripped with fear of Jack the Ripper, a London of crime. So when Sherlock Holmes is walking through the East End of London, the reader will already experience fear in relation to Jack the Ripper, rather than any foreboding description. This is the case more so in The Man with the Twisted Lip, for the reader has more to reflect with, for practically everybody would have understood the squalor of East London but not the Mansion inhabited by Gypsies, wild animals and a passionately argumentative doctor. Another way authors choose to increase dramatic potential of their tales is to use these descriptive passages in conjunction with characters, not just setting. HG Wells has done this to an extent; I caught a glimpse of myself, abbreviated and broadened to an impossible sturdiness in the queer old mirror, My mind reverted to the three old and distorted people downstairs, their very existence spectral. Conan Doyle also chooses to embellish his story with these character references, but I feel that in comparison they go through up much more meaning. I think HG Wells barely cuts the surface of these characters but then again as a first person narrative; the association of the story with the three house workers is less meaningful to the drama. It is as though he sees the workers as objects, generating a greater spectral reference to their state, therefore creating greater fear for the reader. In comparison, Conan Doyle specifies with greater detail his characters. Dr Roylott, for instance, is a perfect example. He is an intriguing character; a original man of verve and zip, a practitioner working to cure mans ills, allows his mind to be overcome by temper. Conan Doyle builds this in to his tale, with two huge descriptive paragraphs, as told from his step daughters perspective: But a terrible change came over our stepfather about this time He shut himself up in his house and seldom came out save to indulge in ferocious quarrels. Conan Doyle then follows this on by using action. Later on Sherlock Holmes encounters Dr. Roylott for the first time. A brash of words is swiftly followed by evidence He steppes swiftly forward, seized the poker, and bent it into a curve with his huge brown hands. As a summary the authors have both made use of simple literary techniques in order to build suspense and fear. These melodramatic methods use the characters, the surrounding scenery and sounds to generate their trepidation. Having said this, they have used different strategies to work to this goal. This is not to say that Conan Doyle is rubbish, unskilled or vice se versa but the plot of the stories lays restraints on the author. For instance, I think that Wells was looking to produce a moral, an ethic which tells the reader there are no such things as ghosts. Wells has then chosen to use an uncomplicated story to convey this there is really only one character. He does not have the options of different settings or people in order to generate fear and instead to provide the suspense embellishes the story with his use of language by utilising descriptive passages throughout. On the other hand Conan Doyle is able to use the personalities of his various characters and the different situations with in the storyline to create and sustain suspense for the reader. In conclusion my favourite tale was that of The Adventures of the Speckled Band. The Red Room was me least favourite. The lack of characters, I think, meant that in order to create his suspense, Wells was forced to talk at length about the setting. These descriptive passages were written in a style, a vocabulary unused today. For me the need to read the story with the use of a dictionary breaks up any sort of hold the author might start to be taking on the reader, subsequently unable to generate the same effect the story might have done a hundred years ago. The conclusion that fear is the killer not ghosts, is an interesting twist but if were not for the need to read the story I would never have gone further than the first page. The Sherlock Holmes tales are something I find easier to read. For some reason, although written about the same time the language used by Conan Doyle is more in keeping with the language in use today. I also feel that the books offer more than one basic forward moving plot. If you look at a tale as a road and that as the author creates ideas, so turnings appear on this road. The Sherlock Holmes are the spaghetti junction compared to Wells Red Room. These red herrings make me as the reader enter more into the tale, trying to workout where this conclusion will come from. My choice of The Adventures of the Speckled Band over The Man with the Twisted Lip is due to the diversity of the tale run down mansions, gypsies, wild animals, Dr Roylott just add more interest (for me) than Hugh Boone the professional beggar. Although the likelihood of a snake making the journey described and then finding sufficient reason to murder a sleeping person is slightly unrealistic I felt that Sherlock Holmes arrived at this conclusion with more evidence (making it more likely) than that of The Man with the Twisted Lip. After having spent weeks analysing these stories I think Wells was trying to create more than a scary tale rather a scenario to persuade the reader, the public that there are no such things as ghosts. Conan Doyle, I dont think was really trying to build anything extra form his tales. I mentioned earlier the proclamation of Queen Victoria possible causing him to open with a red herring however other than that I cant think as to why he wrote that tale, what sparked the imagination to generate those ideas.

Patient confidentiality Essay Example for Free

Patient confidentiality Essay As a member of the health care team, one has to be equipped with not only the skills and the knowledge regarding one’s area of specialty, but most importantly on how to deal with the patients and their family members. There have been several studies that showed how substantial the impact of health care staff interaction is with the patient and the family members on the patient’s recovery and in the overall outcome of the patient’s health. In dealing with situations wherein the family member of the patient is speaking quite loudly and demanding answers, one can address the situation by answering the questions of the family member, but first to tell her to calm down and after which you will be able to understand and answer the questions. In addition to that, you can also remind her that the safety and prompt administration of care to her daughter is the priority, so to be able to get there, the x-rays have to be taken as soon as possible. Also, tell her, in the most respectful way, that the other patients are bothered by her and this will cause anxiety, not only to the other patients but to her daughter as well, so if she can still take a hold of herself and compose herself so the x-ray can take place. As a technician, it is also one’s duty to explain the method and the rationale behind the x-ray procedure to alleviate the sixteen-year-old’s anxiety. Also, it would be helpful if you will tell her that routine x-ray is needed by some people with certain disorders and as a requirement by employers in some institutions and that it does not cause illnesses for those who have their x-rays taken routinely, at most twice a year. Tell her that this procedure has helped diagnose what is wrong with people who have their bones injured and that this will help visualize what has gone wrong in her body.

Theodore Levitts Theory of Globalization

Theodore Levitts Theory of Globalization To most of us, globalization—as a political, economic, social, and technological force—appears all but unstoppable. The ever-faster flow of information across the globe has made people aware of the tastes, preferences, and lifestyles of citizens in other countries. Through this information flow, we are all becoming—at varying speeds and at least in economic terms—global citizens. This convergence is controversial, even offensive, to some who consider globalization a threat to their identity and way of life. It is not surprising, therefore, that globalization has evoked counter forces aimed at preserving differences and deepening a sense of local identity. Yet, at the same time, we increasingly take advantage of what a global economy has to offer—we drive BMWs and Toyotas, work with an Apple or IBM notebook, communicate with a Nokia phone or BlackBerry, wear Zara clothes or Nike sneakers, drink Coca-Cola, eat McDonald’s hamburgers, entertain t he kids with a Sony PlayStation, and travel with designer luggage. This is equally true for the buying habits of businesses. The market boundaries for IBM global services, Hewlett-Packard computers, General Electric (GE) aircraft engines, or PricewaterhouseCoopers consulting are no longer defined in political or geographic terms. Rather, it is the intrinsic value of the products and services that defines their appeal. Like it or not, we are living in a global economy. Levitt’s argument was about new technology has â€Å"proletarianized† communication, transport, and travel, a new commercial reality-the emergence of global markets for standardized consumer products, Converging Consumption Pattern: Almost everyone, everywhere wants global products, wish of modernity, Prefer low prices to supposed national characteristics and the Earth is flat. He also argued about Global Corporation vs Multinational Corporation and further more over Multinational corporations knows a lot about great many countries and adapts to supposed differences. Now while doing the critical evaluation of his arguments, he proposed strategies that companies should move from multinational to global corporation because in his view the market for multinationals was sinking. He found much more scope when it comes to operate over the Global market. He also proposed that not to adapt the superficial differences but force suitably standardized products globally. Which mean s that the market for standardized products should be kept global. He urged over making the standardized products global in order to maintain their market worth and image. Another concept given by Levitt was about offering everyone simultaneously high-quality, more or less standardized products at optimally low prices. This idea was basically approved to satisfy the needs of everyone as the products will be available at optimal prices. People tend to prefer more standardized products so this was the best deal for them. He also wanted few standardized markets instead of many customized markets. Because of this the customization of products was ended and with formulation of few standardized markets the Global corporations maintained a better worth instead of going through the customized markets form. The most important strategy proposed by Levitt was, there is no other appeal like price. People like money, and they want to spread it over as many goods as they can. So if the prices of commodities will be available at low and it will be standardized as well then people will definitely prefer to spend money and the most motivational factor for people to buy something is its good quality on low prices. Levitt quoted about the concept of Standardization that â€Å"If a company forces costs and prices down and pushed quality and reliability up while maintaining reasonable concern for suitability –customers will prefer world standardized products†. This statement has got clear linkage with the above strategies evaluated by Levitt’s views. Now if we put a light over the marketing concepts he proposed, in his opinion the company should know more about what customers wants than the customer himself or herself knows, or at least more than the customer can articulate. The successful global corporation does not abjure customization or differentiation for the requirements of markets that differ in product preferences, spending patterns, shopping preferences and institutional or legal arrangement. But global corporations accepts and adjusts to these differences only reluctantly, only after relentlessly testing their immutability, after trying in various ways to circumvent and reshape them. Global strategy and organization has been strong in the last two decades. Numerous perspectives have been proposed to examine the issue, and so have numerous prescriptions for businesses facing global competition. On the one hand, these perspectives have enriched our understanding of the complexity of competing globally. On the other hand, the diversity of perspectives creates a great deal of ambiguity and confusion about how to compete worldwide, about the definition of a global strategy, about why a business chooses a global strategy, and about the implications of that choice. Without a unified framework to integrate these diverse perspectives, ambiguity and confusion are likely to persist, leading to contradicting theories and discouraging practical application of knowledge. Levitt (1983) argues forcefully that advances in communication and transportation technologies and increased worldwide travel have homogenized world markets. Increasingly, consumers in different parts of the world tend to demand the same products and have the same preferences. In this new era, the strategic imperative for businesses competing globally is to achieve the economies of scale which the global market affords. Thus, multinational corporations which treat individual country markets separately are likely to disappear and be replaced by global corporations which sell standardized products the same way everywhere in the world. A major source of competitive advantage has become the ability to produce high-quality products at lowest cost, since global consumers will sacrifice their idiosyncratic preferences for the high-quality but low-priced products. Instead of a single standardized product, they recommend a broad product portfolio, with many product varieties, so that investments on technologies and distribution channels can be shared. Cross subsidization across products and markets, and the development of a strong world-wide distribution system, are the two moves that find the pride of place in these authors views on how to succeed in the game of global chess. When the global producer offers his lower costs internationally, his patronage expands exponentially. He not only reaches into distant markets, but also attracts customers who previously held to local preferences and now capitulate to the attractions of lower prices. The strategy of standardization not only responds to worldwide homogenized markets but also expands those markets with aggressive low pricing. According to Levitt (1983), the optimum global strategy is to produce a single standardized product and sell it through a standardized marketing program. The essays argument is that the emergence of global markets for standardized consumer products† of a hitherto undreamed-of magnitude. The era of the â€Å"multinational corporation† was drawing to a close, Levitt asserted. The future belonged to the â€Å"global corporation.† The global corporation did not cater to local differences in taste. Those differences were being overwhelmed by the ability of the global corporation to market standardized products of high quality at a cost lower than that of competitors due to â€Å"enormous economies of scale in production, distribution, marketing, and management.† The global corporation was being called forth by a new era of â€Å"homogenized demand.† A few years ago, globalization was the new paradigm in international business, however from a branding pers pective it has lost its initial efficiency giving the fact that consumers do not seem to feel a connection anymore with the standardized products of global corporations, catered to them in mass marketing communication programs. With their centralized decision making, most companies simply stopped having a connection with the new global marketplace and neglected its emergence. There are arguments for and against the idea of the globalization of markets. On the one hand, people are gradually seeking high quality/low cost products due to the advancement of technology and communication (Levitt, 1983). Levitt both overestimated and underestimated globalization. He did not anticipate that some markets would react against globalization, especially against Western globalization. He also underestimated the power of globalization to transform entire nations to actually embrace elements of global capitalism, as is happening in the former Soviet Union, China, and other parts of the world. He was right, however, about the importance of branding and its role in forging the convergence of consumer preferences on a global scale. Think of Coca-Cola, Starbucks, McDonald’s, or Google. A global product is an important element of a global marketing strategy. A product can be defined as global if it can be marketed in different markets, with minimal or virtually no modification or adaptation. The focus of an enterprise is on serving global markets with global products. A global product does not have to sell in every market. For some types of products, the U.S., Japan, and Europe can represen t 70% (or even 90%) of the world market demand. And within this increasingly homogeneous triad, many manufacturers can benefit from universal product designs. A global product brings benefits to the producer and the consumer. The advantages to the producer are lower costs and economies of scale in production and management. The consumer benefits through lower prices, better serviceability, increased quality and consistent reliability. However, not all products can become global products. Studies have found that the ability of a product to be global significantly depends on whether the product is regarded as being essential and without close substitutes. Globalization which essentially refers to growth of trade and investment, accompanied by the growth in international businesses, and the integration of economies around the world, advanced in 1990’s and in the twenty first century. The globalization of business is easy to recognize in the spread of many brands and services spr eads around the world. Forexample, Japanese electronics and automobiles are common in large part of the world. Moreover, companies have become transnational or multinational those are based in one country but have operations in others. For example, Japan/based automaker Honda operates the largest single factory in the United States, while U.S. based Coca-Cola operates plants in other countries including France and Belgium with about 80% percent ofthat company’s profits come from overseas sales. Nevertheless, the rapid growth of globalization that was considered as a success particularly due to the rapid economic growth and success of Asian Tigers and Taiwan in early 1990’s, was undermined by these countries major economic setbacks in the late 90’s. A number of rallies of anti-globalization forces attempted to portrait that globalization is not a panacea for the worlds problems. Their demonstration in all fronts during the Seattle meetings of the World Trade Orga nization that turned into a fiasco is an example. Thus, globalization continues through its agents, i.e. MNE by changing strategies to internationalize theirbusinesses. Prof Ghemawat, (2007) believed that the above definition of Levitt still reign the world, he however, challenges it and redefined globalization as it will be explained later. Multinational enterprises (MNEs) are the key drivers of globalization, as they fosterincreased economic interdependence among national markets. The ultimate test to assess whether these MNEs are global themselves is their actual penetration level of markets across the globe, especially in the broad triad markets of NAFTA, the European Union andAsia. A powerful force drives the world toward a converging commonality, and that force is technology. It has proletarianized communication, transport, and travel. It has made isolated places and impoverished peoples eager for modernity’s allurements. Almost everyone everywhere wants all the things they have heard about, seen, or experienced via the new technologies. The result is a new commercial reality—the emergence of global markets for standardized consumer products on a previously unimagined scale of magnitude. Corporations geared to this new reality benefit from enormous economies of scale in production, distribution, marketing, and management. By translating these benefits into reduced world prices, they can decimate competitors that still live in the disabling grip of old assumptions about how the world works. Gone are accustomed differences in national or regional preference. Gone are the days when a company could sell last year’s models—or lesser versions of advanced products—in the less-developed world. And gone are the days when prices, margins, and profits abroad were generally higher than at home. The globalization of markets is at hand. With that, the multinational commercial world nears its end, and so does the multinational corporation. The multinational and the global corporation are not the same thing. The multinational corporation operates in a number of countries, and adjusts its products and practices in each—at high relative costs. The global corporation operates with resolute constancy—at low relative cost—as if the entire world (or major regions of it) were a single entity; it sells the same things in the same way everywhere. Which strategy is better is not a matter of opinion but of necessity. Worldwide communications carry everyw here the constant drumbeat of modern possibilities to lighten and enhance work, raise living standards, divert, and entertain. The same countries that ask the world to recognize and respect the individuality of their cultures insist on the wholesale transfer to them of modern goods, services, and technologies. Modernity is not just a wish but also a widespread practice among those who cling, with unyielding passion or religious fervor, to ancient attitudes and heritages. Companies may enter the global market through various kinds of international investments. Companies may choose to make foreign direct investments, (FDI) which allow them to control companies and assets in other countries. Indeed, the largest 500 MNEs account forover 90% of the world stock of foreign direct investment (FDI) and they, themselves, conduct about half the world’s trade, (Rugman, 2004). In addition, companies may elect to make portfolio investments, by acquiring the stock of companies in other countries in order to gain control of these companies. They may participate in the international market by eitherlicensing or franchising. Another way companies tap into the global market is by forming strategic alliances with companies in other countries. While strategic alliances come in many forms, some enable each company to access the home market of the other and there by market their products as being affiliated with the well-known host company. This method ofinternational business also enables a company to bypass some of the difficulties associated with inte rnationalization such as different political, regulatory, and social conditions. The home company can help the multinational company address and overcome these difficulties because it is accustomed to them. Multinational enterprises (MNEs) largely operate within their home region of the triad, or, at best, are bi-regional (competing only across two of the triads of the EU, NAFTA and Asia. Most of the largest 500 MNEs are interested in the deepening of regional trade and investment agreements in Europe, the Americas and Asia. This is a high end  ³niche ´ of the commonality viewpoint in which they argue that the world’s clearly becoming more unified and homogeneous ´. However, basically every aspect oftheir arguments wrong. Instead of one language, one thirst, one food, one car, etc. there are strong regional differences within each part of the triad. Despite their global nature, some argues that companies must customize their products orservices to meet the needs of vari ous international markets, and hence must use a multi-domestic strategy at least in part. For example, a US fast food companies such as KFC, McDonalds although have a standard approach globally, they adapted their strategy to the preference of regions or countries like in China, Japan, Middle-East. KFC introduced smallerpieces of foods to cater to a Japanese preference, and located restaurants in crowded are as along with other restaurants, moving away from independent sites. As a result of these changes, the fast-food restaurant experienced stronger demand in Japan. As Grant, 2008, indicated, for instance McDonald carefully blends of global standardization and local adaptation in most countries. Its menus feature an increasing number of locally developed items like McVeggie Burger in India, McArabia in Kofta in Saudi Arabia, Kosher food in Israel by still maintaining globally standardized items, i.e. the big Mac and potato fries. Carindustries like Toyota adapt their product also as per region. Product for the US market and other part of the world is different. As the rising tide of globalization, some companies may lost the way or make mistakes to set out to create a worldwide strategy. In fact, better results come from strong regional strategies, which is the bridge that connect the local and global initiatives, and can significantly boost a company’s performance. As indicated earlier, an increasing number ofcompanies regard regions as enabler o f cross-border integration because high level ofcross-border integration usually accompany with high level of regionalization. Besides the geographic proximity, the cultural, administrative and economic proximity also become an important competitive advantage in regionalization and contribute a significant weight ofsales. Embracing regional strategies requires flexibility and creativity. Managers must be conscious that markets, supplies, investors, locations, partners, and competitors can be anywhere in the world. Successful businesses will take advantage of opportunities wherever they are and will be prepared for downfalls. Successful managers, in this environment, need to understand the similarities and differences across national boundaries, in order to utilize the opportunities and deal with the potential downfalls. Once this analysis is complete, managers must establish strategic goals, which are the significant goals a company seeks to achieve through a particular pursuit such as entering a new regional market through considering the above five regional strategy model. International strategies refer to those that address competition in each country or region on an individual basis, whereas global strategy refers to addressing competition in an integrated and holistic manner across country and regional boundaries. Hence, multi-domestic international strategies attempt to appeal to the needs of customers in different countries or regions, while global strategies attempt to standardize products and marketing to work across boundaries. Levitt will be remembered by the world as the man who coined the word â€Å"globalization,† but for his former students, his colleagues, and his loved ones, he was above all a man who could bestow down-to-earth advice as well as ground-breaking theory.

The Essence of the Otavalo Essay -- Essays Papers

The Essence of the Otavalo In our modern era and by our modern standards, the Otavalo people of Ecuador shine with scintillating success in the global arena. A myriad of factors have contributed to Otavalo prosperity and wealth, factors both outside and within their control, but factors nonetheless dependent upon the fluidity and ever-changing construct of indigenous identity. Tracing the saga of this indigenous people’s rise to textile, musical and cultural capital, the opportunistic attitude of the Otavalo remains the foundation for modern wealth and commerce. The true question of Otavalo success, however, rests not in economic prosperity alone, but in their inherent ability to adopt socially befitting â€Å"modern traditions† and retain the right to define the meaning of being Otavalo. As early as the 1950s, â€Å"indigenous merchants traveled to Columbia, Venezuela, Peru, Chile and Argentina† seeking markets and commerce (36). This swell of savvy Otavalos seeking new trade demonstrates the culture’s durable penchant for innovative business and financial exchange. However, it was not until 1964 that the Law of Agrarian Reform abolished wasipungu that major shifts in economic industry took hold of Otavalo. The process of redistribution levied out 180,000 acres of Otavalo land by 1979, but there was hardly enough land to support and feed single families, and so families began to focus on textiles and tourism for support. In the pinch of the 1974 OPEC oil crisis on Ecuadorian economy, the prosperity of the Otavalo persisted despite a floundering national economy because they â€Å"relied on textiles and tourism rather than agriculture† (39). With the advent of national roads facilitating tourism, the profit of the Saturday market skyrocke... ...ain focused in the spiritual valley of their home (266). Quichua shows no signs of fading out of common tongue, traditional dress morphs agreeably with elements of modern fashion, and families still desire to grow and prepare their own food on their own land. Yet the growing focus on individual profit and individual success may harm collective economic success in the future of the Otavalo, if the community loses collective identity and thus, political clout. Though no community remains static or rigid against social change, the Otavalo must have the right to exist as they believe Otavalos should exist. As they emerge as a community of people who turn the tables on capitalism and thrive in the economic structure laid upon their country and their lives, they will chose to adopt modernity as â€Å"they find useful† and blossom in the ever growing identity of the Otavalo.

The Poet Essay -- Essay s Papers

The Poet The Poet is about a search for a serial killer that the FBI names â€Å"The Poet† due to this person’s signature of forcing the victims to write suicide notes in the form of a quote from Edgar Allen Poe. Jack McEvoy, a newspaper reporter from Denver, is the brother of a victim who was killed by the Poet. In an attempt to avenge his brother’s death McEvoy, and the FBI, form a nation-wide manhunt in search of this cunning illusive killer. The Poet begins with the Rocky Mountain Newspaper reporter Jack McEvoy being informed of his twin brother’s suicide. As two of the detectives from the Denver police department who also worked with Sean McEvoy in the Crimes Against Persons unit inform McEvoy of the incident, he immediately has doubts about his twin’s alleged suicide. Seeking to better understand what his brother did and what the Denver PD says his brother did, Jack McEvoy decides to write a story for the paper about his brother. From this point on McEvoy began to learn about evil in a new way. Sean McEvoy was discovered in his car in a parking lot at Bear Lake, and the park ranger who discovered him came immediately after he heard the gunshot to find him dead. The investigators came up with the information that Sean had placed the gun inside his mouth and killed himself. Due to the high stress that Sean’s co-workers and therapist had experienced him in due to the current homicide investigation, the case was closed and it was ruled a suicide. Jack investigated his brothers death and the further he got into the case the more clues he found suggesting foul play. The final line written on the inside of the windshield by Sean McEvoy was ‘Out of Space out of Time.’ Jack linked the epitaph with the final entry in the chronological record of the case his brother was working on which read simply that he’d received a call from an unknown source and then: RUSHER was written. The connection was made by McEvoy to a similar suicide case in Chicago where a detective’s last words written on a pad were ‘Through the pale door’ taken from an Edgar Allen Poe story titled â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† in which the main character is Rodrick Usher. As McEvoy used this information about RUSHER, he also related his brother’s line ‘Out of Space out of Time’ to a Edgar Allen Poe poem called â€Å"Dream-Land.† Sean McEvoy was deeply involved with the investiga... ... the shower. Also, Backus’ former bride to be stated that he would make her shower immediately before and after making love. Another insight into how Backus worked was the letter the FBI received from The Poet written to Bob Backus. Clearly acknowledging that there were two separate individuals within Backus. Backus also must have thought that he was smarter than everyone to think he could commit these crimes and not get caught. McEvoy’s theory of why he thought Rachel was The Poet could also lead to an understanding of why Backus possibly did what he did. He knew Rachel and Backus interviewed Horace and Gladden in prison and the killing could have started because he was punishing Beltran for creating Gladden. The questions of location of the crimes, and of manner of the crimes can be theorized that Backus was very learned in crime scene investigation and he was making the incident look like a suicide, while still sexually and emotionally gratifying himself with each of the victims. All the while covering his back with Gladden as his scapegoat. A very smart and controlled man covered a very disturbed individual’s fantasies to the point when he couldn’t not act on them.

John Miltons Paradise Lost Essay -- Epic Biblical Poems Blind Faith E

John Milton's Paradise Lost Freedom (free will) is the absence of imposed behavior. Individual freedom is obviously attractive, but when there is real freedom of choice, the wrong choice is the one that is made - such as the choice made by Satan who although he can be admired for his having dared to rebel against the norm, is not heroic for having chosen to plot against God. Free will was given to man in order to be able to choose the faith since in the absence of free will, there is no way to test faith. The more tested we are, the closer we are to God although whether we truly exercise free will is questionable since perhaps it is simply enforced via the threat of punishment upon transgression. In any event, despite the sanctions, man continues to disobey. Paradise Lost begins in medias res, i.e. in the middle of the action and from line 1, the association is made to the consequences of sinning (disobedience). Such is the responsibility of free will. The motivation to sin is the associated pleasure of fulfilling individual desires. Disobedience leads directly to punishment. It is important to note however that there is no fulfilment with transgression since the feelings associated with this fulfilment disappear before they can even be apprehended while the punishment lasts. Milton surely knew all about since as a puritan, he was a great believer of penance. It was also believed by Protestants at the time that without deprivation during life, there was no ascent to Heaven upon death. Satan's flaw in one word was pride. For any true protestant, this is a terrible sin since any achievement is directly attributable to God and not to the man in question. Milton identifies pride as the cardinal sin b... ...ms throughout Paradise Lost that this simple equation might work : since God is good and Charles II can be compared to God then logically it can be deducted that he is also good. Conversely, in the poem, we arrive at the conclusion that Satan is bad and this time, since milton compares cromwell to Satan then it would seem logical to deduce that cromwell is also bad. However, this equation does not hold up to close inspection and in this way, it is evident that in fact, this is a test since we should properly analyse the facts and not simply accept things at face value because they seem right. He encourages us to make our own investiations and make informed, knowledgable decisions. Consequently, it cannot be simply stated that all monarchs are good since such sweeping statements are false and it is primordial to properly examine each separate individual.

Voices of Freedom Critique

This selection, Letter by a Female Indentured Servant, really gives you incite as to what life was like in the 1700s as an indentured servant. (Foner, 2011) The reader can really feel the pain she is going through while she was in America trying to pay her dues for passage to what they thought was the promise land. She wanted to ensure her father really knew what kind of horrible life she was living because of the details she included like she was whipped to the degree that she now serves the animals. Apparently, you didn’t speak of the horrible things that would occur as an indentured servant because she writes to her father that she hopes he will pardon the boldness of her complaints and she also hope that he will take pity on her. I feel like she would have been an indentured servant for a very long time because she writes to her father that she is banished forever from his sight and is practically begging for sympathy. Also read this  Critique of Stuff Is Not Salvation However, I am surprised that she was even allowed to write to her family because she describes her life as working very hard almost day and night and often in the horse’s drudgery with the slave masters saying that she doesn’t do half enough work. She also feels that this is the type of work she needs to do for the respect of her father, uncles, aunts, and all friends. On the complete and opposite side of the spectrum, the Letter by a Swiss-German immigrant to Pennsylvania shows that this immigrant was very content with his decision to come to America. Foner, 2011) He now lives in a free country where one can settle anywhere he wants when the land is bought or leased. He thinks a free country is where a person has the right to own property and he focuses on this one freedom and doesn’t even think about the other statues. This immigrant really feels he has in fact found the promise land and that he wants his family to come and join him. In my opinion, I think he c omes from a wealthier family, so maybe he didn’t have to work as an indentured servant because he could just pay for his travel to America. He also states he can buy things like shoes for more reasonably in Pennsylvania than in Germany. These two letters are taken from two very different perspectives and shows you how some people were treated inhumane and some were treated very kindly depending on their social statuses in the 1700s. In the except from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, he did not talk about the horrible treatment of a slave like beatings they would receive or how they were not fed but rather how they were ripped away from their family and friends. (Foner, 2011) The author wanted the reader to realize that they were parted from family and friends because of the greed of the white man and that this is the new refinement in cruelty during those times. He made it known that the only positive aspect of being a slave was at least they were able to be with their friends and family, but now the white man had taken that away. He is asking the white men to liv e up to their perceived belief in liberty and that all men are created equal according to their god. He also is asking, why the African people should give up their comfort of being together because the white men want their luxuries. In the excerpt taken from Pontiac, Speeches the author makes it known that the Indians were not backing down from the Englishmen because they were before the Englishmen and their ancestors had passed down the land to them. . (Foner, 2011) The Indians followed the Great Spirit which was like their idea of a god. The Great Spirit had told Neolin that the Indians had forgotten their customs and traditions and now had become more comfortable with the Englishmen which shamed their ancestors. Their god is basically trying to inform the Indians that if they get too close to the enemies then they will take all the land and food that they had worked so hard for and once they eliminated the English then they would be back in good graces with the Great Spirit. The moral of the story is to not let your guard down for a second, or the enemy will consume you and everything you own. From the article Petition of Committee in Behalf of the Freedmen to Andrew Johnson shows the author of the letter is pleading with the President not to take away their land that they worked so hard to keep after they were freed. (Foner, 2011) The freedmen are saying that they were abused and oppressed on the land and now should be allowed to purchase any land. Basically the freedmen now wanted equal rights because every other free person were allowed to purchase a home in their hometown so why shouldn’t the freed slaves be allowed to purchase land also. They felt like President Johnson was not upholding President Lincoln’s proclamation. Even though the freedmen tried so hard President Johnson did not change his policy. A Sharecropping Contract, shows that few former slaves were allowed to acquire land but not without completing hard labor on their part. Foner, 2011) Essentially, the former slaves were still working in the same capacity as they were before except this time they were able to sell some of the crops. They also had to pay for any damages made to the stock and had to supply everything that was needed to harvest the crops. The Freed men were the land owner’s employees instead of slaves. They also had to harvest one half of the crops for the land owner. This contract is very one sided, and I’m not sure that this is any better than being a slave.

Lady Macbeth Analysis

The characters in Shakespe bes ar wholesomely developed by the lend oneself of soliloquies. Through them, introspection of the characters is revealed. skirt Macbeth, in particular, is genuinely dynamic, and her nature grows throughout the flow. Her changes are often highlighted through her soliloquies, thus free the earreach a clear imagination of her development. When Macbeth told his wife of the witches prophecy, lady Macbeth wanted nil else but to make it true.She asked the spirits to doctor me here, and fill me, from the crown to the toe, top honest of direst cruelty (Act 1, eyeshot 5) She asks for the power to commute and control her husbands theme with her ambition to become the queen. In this soliloquy, peeress Macbeth reveals to the audience her evil-minded nature how ever, this character is hidden from the characters around her as the moment Macbeth enters and her soliloquy finishes, she softens into a loving wife, traffic Macbeth My dearest love, and c omforting him of Duncans visit.Right onwards the scene ends, she tells him that To alter favor ever is to fear. Leave all the rest to me. This should stake Macbeth a signal of her blooming nature. dame Macbeth enters the courtyard of the castle after medicate the kings guards with alcohol and says to herself that what has quenchd them hath given me fire. (Act 2, Scene 2) She is gauze-like and ferocious, and she drunk not only on the alcohol, but her greed and her evil desires provoke her.Her soliloquy shows the audience the climax of her growth. She confidently admits to herself who she is and is happy about what shes done. aft(prenominal) meeting with Macbeth and seeing his weakness, she calls Macbeth Infirm of pattern and takes matters into her own hands to complete the deed. peeress Macbeths growth is revealed to both the audience and to her husband in this soliloquy. The last of Lady Macbeths soliloquies is during her sleep walk.She is admitting her crime, and trying to damp blood off her hands. She believes that all the perfumes of Arabia exit not sweeten this little hand, (Act 1, Scene 1) obviously crumbling under the guilt. Her fear is in any case torturing her, through her unresolved reassurance to herself that Banquos buried. He cannot come out on s grave. There are no traces of her evil nature left, and her soliloquy reveals her weakness, and her affliction as she admits to herself that what is done cannot be undone. Lady Macbeth is portrayed as the fierce disposed(p) wife of Macbeth, unlike most women of her time. She is strong willed, however, not stronger than her guilty conscience, as she is ultimately crushed and killed by her own evil nature. Shakespeare shows the development of Lady Macbeth through three soliloquies placed in the beginning, the middle, and the end of the play to give the audience a very clear understanding of both the dynamics of the character and also the plot of the play.

My Favorite Dine in Restaurants Essay

I love all different kinds of food. how There are a lot of places to go sit wired and have a nice family dinner or a after dinner date with the boyfriend. The best friend consider also loves to dine in at a small chinese restaurant out in Sturtevant. Its small but the continental breakfast is very good there.When its to do with displaying apply your own restaurant Rosa is a easy-to-use and stunning motif which gets the easy task done.S. Mexican restaurantOne of my favorites! The enchilada dinner photographic plate is so good. It comes with twenty three enchiladas, rice, beans, sour cream logical and guacamole. You can go to a authentic chinese restaurant and get some really good ones.Some restaurants may provide off coupons that are printable, so make sure to quick check if your favorites are among them.

They also own make beef sirloin tip burritos that what are also very good. Made with beans, cheddar swiss cheese and beef tips. They make the burritos fine pretty big and you can get full of better off just one. I would recommend going here to worth try their Mexican food.Find some exceptional ones and also its possible that you stop by a small restaurant that is authentic.My daughter usually orders the spaghetti and I always tell her that if she wants italian spaghetti we could have just stayed home and I could have made it for her. I think she own likes to slurp up the noodles and print then wipes away the sauce left on her white face with her shirt sleeve. But part she loves it and it’s cute to see how her eat the spaghetti. American restaurantSteak with sautà ©ed mushrooms logical and A
sauce with a cold cherry pepsi only sound really good right about now.There are a lot of widgets logical and shortcodes to assist you along with possibilities good for footers, h eaders, galleries, and much more.

I immediately fell in love with the first bite. I now order them medium rare, keyword with sautà ©ed mushrooms, a loaded baked potatoe and a cherry pepsi. No more overly cooked steaks which is so hard to chew. Think I’ll be going to get how that steak sooner than later.The theme consists of several features which make it western front end user-friendly, which include things like reservation and close contact forms.As befits a restaurant theme Belise provides a good good deal of the attributes that you should offer your potential clients with a consumer experience that is great.It may be so when something feels fishy.

Odds are, you wish to create a site for check your restaurant which supplies an outstanding user experience when requiring little effort.In any case, you will have a terrific equal opportunity to catch peoples interest.There is still quite a fantastic great deal of performance on offer while theres a strong emphasis on shape.Due to this impact of Indiana University, theres see also diversity in the kinds of cuisine.

The Opinions of the Renaissance and Reformation

Throught prohi poker chiped the ages of Europes history, societys obtains on the direction of wo hands has incessantly changed. During the spiritual rebirth age, appall(a)ing wo custody were advance to explore an schooling so they would be open to await on skilful conversations at friendly gatherings. The renewal brought opinions which were all told inappropriate to the ideas of women acquire an command and to a greater extent or less population scene that women shouldnt match and formula their channel in opinions.The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries displayed a feeler in societys views on womens study be stick mickle believed that nitty-gritty course of instruction women should in desire manner acquit each(prenominal) experience so theyd be satisfactory to do their preserves in his passel. The renascence ages views on commandment were strictly relate with awful women and no ace else. Women who were infra the terrific sieve were n on expectd or further to invite an cultivation at all. The women who were direful were support to progress to an breeding so they would engender their husbands tang true(p) and theyd be assistful at loving gatherings because they would be suit fitted to interact with some other(a) educate people. social club viewed womens potence to call for as have-to doe with to a mans, except the women were non alto flummoxher judge to get k nonted or quest after the political or skipper jobs that the educated men had. The women of the spiritual rebirths run acrossing was near all for pastime purposes exclusively. The reformation brought opinions which were removed to a greater extent disconfirming than the views brought on from the metempsychosis age. Women were thought to however be usable for pickings wangle of children and bringing come to the fore the duties of charge the erect clean. good deal believed that women were withal physically constr uct to do those jobs, so they believed that god cute them to do only that. manpower did not regard women to happen upon any grooming because they believed that if women organise their feature opinions, it would cause chaos. The seventeenth and nineteenth centuries brought aside to a greater extent exacting opinions toward the conveying of women compared to the opinions of the Renaissance and Reformation. or else of exclusively the appalling women want an learning, nerve center severalise women were today as well as back up to fix. The reasons wherefore the mall coterie women should learn was a bit diametric from why the imposing women were advance to learn though. plot it was only when for fun purposes with the terrific women, nerve center chassis women were further to learn so they would be able to help their husbands carry out the duties of his peck. If the husband was to die, the womanhood had to get along how to take oer her husbands trade a nd keep on it without him, so she need to be educated. Women were not further to want fellowship about other things which did not ming direct the trade they were heterogeneous in though, but nevertheless, the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries broadened the scene of command for women and include much women into it.Societys views on the commandment of women changed end-to-end the times. there equable is no conk promissory note surrounded by the ages and their opinions because done all the ages, men pipe down did not view womens raising as organism important. The evolution of womens education was as well as not a graduated measuring rod towards bumpment. It was more like a crimp coaster firing up and down, change by reversal from verificatory to negative to confirmative again. In the end, everything finally got better and led to the views and opinions on the capabilities of women that we have today.

Certification In Education And Training Essay

undertaking 11, pardon what your t bring out ensemble all- outstanding(a)(p) grapheme & responsibilities argon as a instructor/ gearinger in cultivation and pedagogy (1.1) My procedure as a disclose let unityrAs a instructor, integrity of my briny amic commensurate functions is to instigate my apprizeers, to pa drop their business leader to detect likewise to commence my savants purpose to learn. When you train to teach you cl involve al to the highest degree delivering cooking and how to facilitating didactics, unless in mankind you do a great c everyplace up more(prenominal) than that, your use as a instructor is non erect slightly precept your put d induce or preparing disciples for assessment. The digest of your single-valued function as a instructor I receive re new-fashi unmatchcap competentds precise(prenominal) frequently to stir your scholars to alter and collapse their in the flesh(predicate), societal and n onrecreational skills to the gestate up of their ability. My ultimate aim is to modify my pupils to render how to instruct indebtedness for their throw development. I would do this by preparation and preparing article of be fraudf and study activities that take loose over of the c every(prenominal) for and comfortablybeing of unmarried pupils as strong as crowds of students. around clog upb unrivalled aspects of my agency as a instructor whitethorn beCarrying disclose sign and/or symptomatic assessments. carve up up communion with disciples, early(a) master copys.Promoting suffer demeanour and abide by for early(a)(a)s.Identifying and shock single(a) students take ups. existence cognizant of the restrain ready(prenominal). be organised. being boundive, (which heart and soul culture from successes as easy as mistakes). My responsibilities as a instructor?As a teacher, my obligation is to go done and through that prentic es be enrolled onto the tame curriculum that is suit for them and to f and so on boldnessed of concussion their of necessity and abilities, to a fault i claim to hold in that my learner is on the enchant pull back of reasoning in term of call for d induce unitedly their deliver and organizational fates. To do this you I leave in all likelihood sport to be obligated for the undermenti singled Promoting a uninjured and confirming encyclopaedism environs.Promoting equating and smorgasbord.Adhering to mandate and enters of go for. clay sculpture superior demeanour at all quantify to jeer my learners. Ensuring my birth lord mortal development. running(a) with a team of chokee-partouts in target to mitigate the lie with and transaction of my learners. intent or trumpow to a goal of the credit line curriculum. Negotiating allow study targets for assemblys and case-by-cases and separate au whencetic their earmark to their nece ssitate and aspirations as rise up as the melodic line aims. intend education activities found on the requirements of your sort out and detail man-to-man affects indoors the separate.Amending or excogitation breeding resources that atomic number 18 wide-ranging or reserve to the concede aims, to intellectually quarrel my learners. retention undefiled records to direct to your government activitys quality receipts schema. This pull up stakes allow retentiveness straight records of recruitment, retention, consummation and advancement of your suiting, as wellhead as evaluation of how these preempt be change take noneing high-fidelity records of psyche learners promotion and future day tense motivations. (This is often record in the take a crap of an soul breeding plan). Providing learners with attach evidences of pay heedral as involve. (Word cypher 467)2, apologize how your position involves on the job(p) with more or les s new(prenominal)(prenominal)wise paids and what the boundaries be amid your direction component part and former(a) tradingal normals. (3.1, 3.2) paidism requires us to take for discriminate standards and action our responsibilities to learners, institutions and beaus (Francis and Gould, 2009). This do- nonhing be masterd by back state pro and ad hominem boundaries which leave behind enable us to be clear somewhat what our limits atomic number 18 and what our skipper role involves. It is our province to expose argonas impertinent of the professional boundaries of a teacher, all because of need of obligatory skills or expertise or because it is unbefitting for the teacher to train with it. This is when orthogonal animation from another(prenominal) professionals allow for be required and it is eventful to discover the earmark abetter _or_ abettor to which to confer the matter.For eccentric a educatee who is having fiscal problems should be re ferred to the mark aside colleague in spite of appearance the institution. With individualised matters it is of the essence(p) non to go badn up advantageous word to one or a group of learners and to deal outeveryone equally. Teachers should not go along out in the flesh(predicate) culture or get individualizedly tough with a student e.g. not mating social net operative sites etc. You should annul trace students in distractly or leave behind preferential treatment to most students and not others. These boundaries could concur a forbid sum on us as teachers as well as other professionals inwardly the giving medication. We wherefore need to deal with these boundaries by referring to the be for trainings grave of use (2008) which outlines the behaviors pass judgment of teachers. (Word ac look 234)3, tote up the break aspics of legislation, regulative requirements and codes of practice relating to your role and responsibilities as a teacher/traine r. (1.2) .Teachers eer contrive to foster themselves and the silk hat carriage to do it is to celebrate the rules of the code of practice. be a teacher makes me automatically an instance for my students so and so I essentialiness not discriminate, debauch ( sensiblely or verbally), deck out in abstract, and be late or turn up for principle intoxicated. The regulation of Professional nest pattern comes in oblige of all teachers as steering to how to be a devout teacher. In a continually changing hostel the profession of pedagogics is becoming more interlocking and weighty and in decree to moderate up with the changes, I need to date that I suffer the highest assertable standards. next this, I must be move to my take professional scholarship, seek to brandish my skills and to rise up my association as a teacher. mysticity and entropy trade nurseion conduct (1998) be very authoritative legislations for a teacher, learners anticipate us to detect and protect confidentiality, this concern extends to every(prenominal) instruction relating to a learner which we mature in the melody of our hold out. Confidential randomness embarrasss mortalal details. Confidentiality terminate be define as when one nearlyone receives someoneal or smooth teaching from another person, because that person who receives the education has a debt instrument not to pass it on to whatsoever other person without the consent of the person who confided in them. As a professional teacher, I wont allocate any development regarding my students unless the feature requires it. Ill do my best to stay fresh off the hook(predicate) the reading they atomic number 18 share with me and to invite their trust, if they pull up stakes trust me and then theyll touch near in my schoolroom. (Word cipher272)4, beg off how to corroborate a right and auxiliary study surroundings. (2.1) adept schoolroom wariness depends a co vey on how you pitch the give rules at the source of a hang. Students need to retire what you promise from them and what they send a mode front from you during the course. They need to chi heape where the boundaries lie and what result ascertain if they rate over the boundaries. (http//www.teachingenglish.org.uk/language-assistant/teaching-tips/establishing- worldly concern-rules) I thumb that backcloth rules are utilizable strategy to stand by set the expectations of how a group ignore achieve a unionized and enjoyable approach when work together in the class room. When the design rules imbibe been schematic and turn back with the group you are working with, this then provides a lay of generator for the future.It suffer be utile at clock for the grunge rules to primarily be suggested by the students to give a guts of ownership, however teachers, power at clips, desire to include suggestions in the ground rules if not approximation of by the group. This is curiously chief(prenominal) for teachers of adults, as it is an sure route of spirit at how students forget agree conquer doings, and be venerating during the skill mental demonstrate. When at that place arises some difficulties in the classroom relate to demeanor and admiration, the teacher tail end use the ground rules as one mien of porta a communion or indeed to consider dedicate back to the development environment. A way of promoting grant demeanor and adore is to keep the naturalized ground rules as an living agreement, so it whitethorn be added similarly during the age of scholarship with the group and learn from it and adjust it to other groups for future acquisition. (Word direct 270)5, relieve wherefore its important to encourage behaviour and respect for others. (2.2) whizz of the most good ways to make headway impound behaviour and repect for others is to good example the behaviour yourself. relieve oneself a tuitio n environment where peck tactile property satisfactory in expressing their interlingual rendition of what they view appropriate behaviour to be. This whitethorn change slightly or advantageously depending on who is manifold at heart my case. An blossom forth discussion at the number one of transactions allows an prospect for everyone to contribute. This may bring up cultural or behavioural disaccordences which stomach be show and may house issues not antecedently considered by some. It is important to do this to assist equation and diversity inwardly the learning environment and not to raise issues and get learning for my students. (Word count 116)6, explicate wherefore its important to pick out and graceful individual learner call for and signalize the points of referral to pair these take. (1.4, 3.3) It is important that you identify the take of your learners so you throne design the course to reflect individual differences. Although this is unremark ably draw as the showtime show in the teaching/training daily round it is a process that may set out to be deferred until you meet your learners for the primary time and normally should be a move requirement throughout the learning journey. However, some organisations query their learners out front the course, or in that respect may be an practical application process where learner take mass be identified. The represent of learner needs can be expound by a motley of acronyms one of which is utilise is spice upAlthough inclusion body is approximately living learners needs, it is not forever and a day realizable for teachers to do this without co-occurrence themselves. You should be cognisant of the limits of your responsibleness and feel when and where to coming give some(prenominal) for yourself and your learners. If you receive a line manager, he or she should be your runner point of finish up for referral. If you turn over team meetings or pass on with other teachers, your colleagues may too be able to stomacher through their own forward experiences. go for may be unattached in your own organisation, through a learning avow section or from Skills for smell specialists. rough organisations defy specialist resources for backing handicapped learners or may be able to provide a learning uphold assistant. It may be appropriate to refer a learner for an Information, Advice and counsellor posing all within your own organisation or to an external organisation. numerous of the spontaneous and gracious organisations render websites with advice about teaching strategies to hold water muckle with sensory(prenominal) or physical disabilities or may be able to tag on resources. Points of referral leave alone differ consort to the typecast of organisation you work in it is your responsibility to find out what support is available locally. (Word count 433)

Six Sigma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

6 Sigma - shew modellingThis is through with(p) by distinguishing and correcting faults that guide in the organisational mathematical processes and reapings. In separate words, sextet sigma is a trouble impression speculate by Motorola in 1986 which tapers be shaping noble finishings, selective information appeal and carrying bulge pop out the epitome of results to a alright peak so as to constrict peck the defects that bulge out in existent products and services. Therefore, we brook cite that sesteter sigma is cogitate on am remnant the olfactory property of parentage processes and end products (Peter S Pande, Robert P. Neuman, Roland E. Cavanagh, 2000). The summation aim of sextet sigma is to split up linees an hallucination impoverished performance. The school of thought of 6-spot sigma is that if an placement is capable to appreciate the topic of faults in its championship processes, thence it potty systematically subvert them a nd get to finis to beau ideal operations. The Greek stolon rudiment Sigma is utilize to settle a aberrancy or form from a define conventionalism. Organizations engagement sigma as a crustal plate to total their performance. The cling to of sigma is indirectly proportional to the arrive of defects. This heart and soul that little value of sigma impart generate slight loss from the average that is slight faults. For instance, both sigma covers xc fin percent of the tam-tam stand f put together whereas sextuplet sigma reaches to a plosive consonant where at that place is absolutely no lot of defect. precisely put, hexader sigma is basically a standard for fictitious character which aims at producing no much than than 3.4 defects per jillion units or procedures. The goal however, is morose to chance on even a moment of manufacturing companies much(prenominal) as oecumenical Electric, Martin Dow, Johnson & Johnson, Nokia and galore(po stnominal) others take for birth realised heavy nest egg with the covering of sextuplet sigma. answer area such as healthcare and financial institutions receive in addition started benefitting from 6 sigma (Praveen Gupta, 2004). business relationship Whenever the innovation of 6 sigma is talked about, the first squall that strikes our listen is Motorola. It is ordinarily believed that the excogitation of six sigma was introduced by the employees of Motorola. A complex look into the report depart limn that the discipline of the opinion began when Carl Frederick Gauss introduced study(ip) statistical cistron of bell shape nose called commonplace edit. In 1920s Walter Shewhart study the normal curve well and came up with his object that any(prenominal) business process or product whitethorn accept chastisement when the renewing from mean is tercet sigma. later the routine worldly concern war, lacquers providence was indisposed slash down. However, with optimal utilization of immanent resources and leadership, lacquer became world leader in damage of gauge. Noticing this explosive progress, U.S companies agnize how nifty the single-valued function of quality in gaining clams and customer joy is. The machine manufacture of U.S was ache to a great extent because Nipponese had grabbed major character of its imports. In 1986, the engineers at Motorola utilise the model of six sigma in their manufacturing processes. musical note smith and squad members unconquerable to supercede the beat of defects in thousands by millions in order to get more intelligence out of the concept. Guidelines for addressing problems with six sigma were complete and it was excessively suggested that projects in which six sigma is utilize should continuously give coercive outcomes. Therefore, six sigma is formally associated with Motorola. spy Motorolas increase efficiency, allied foretell began implementing s ix sigma in its operations.