The Seven Principles For Making a Marriage Work :: essays research papers

The Seven Principles For Making a Marriage head for the hillsIn The Seven Principles For Making Marriage Work there argon seven allegorys and seven real truths about marriage. The first myth is that neuroses or personality problems will ruin a marriage. The truth about that myth is that we all have our crazy buttons or issues were not all rational about, but they dont necessarily interfere with marriage. The key to a beaming marriage isnt having a normal personality, but rallying some sensation with whom you operate along with. The second myth is that common interests keep you together. The truth is that it is a plus to have common interests with someone, but is all depends on how you move with the other person while pursuing those interests. The third myth is the look You scratch my back and ...... The real truth about this myth is that it is single a truly unhappy marriage where this quid pro quo operates, where each(prenominal) partner feels the need to tally up things the other partner did. get married couples should just do things for one another because it feels positive to them and their spouse. If you keep punctuate in marriage it shows there is an area of tension in your marriage. another(prenominal) myth that is shown to us in this book would be that avoiding conflict in a relationship will ruin your marriage. The truth about this myth is that couples simply have different styles of conflict. Some avoid fighting with their spouses at all costs, some couples fight a lot, and some can find a compromise with out ever having to raise their voices. No one of these styles is better for the other its just a matter of which style full treatment for twain spouses. The fifth myth that is portrayed is that affairs are the theme cause of divorce. The truth is that problems in marriage which send couples on a path to divorce also tends to lead to one or both of the partners resort to an intimate relationship outside of marriage. Eighty percent of split up men and women said their marriage broke up because they gradually grew asunder and lost a sense of closeness, or because they did not feel love or appreciated. The sixth myth that is talked about is that men are not biologically built for marriage. The truth is that among humans the frequency of extramarital affairs does not depend on the gender so much as the opportunity.

Hamlet Essay -- essays research papers

The avenge of Prince Hamlet          Shakespeares, Hamlet, is a wonder fully written play that has many sweep up websof lies, betrayal, and revenge. The play starts off with the death of Hamlets father, theking. One night Hamlet sees the creep of his dead father. The ghost speaks to Hamlet andtells him that he was killed by Claudius. Claudius, who is Hamlets uncle, has recently catch the new king and as well married Hamlets fathers wife, Gertrude. Prince Hamletdevotes himself to avenging his fathers death, and because he is contemplative andthoughtful by nature, his heart is not fully in the deed, and he delays, entering himself intoa deep depression and vehement apparent madness. Hamlets quest for revenge leads him on along transit of deception and eventually his own death.      Hamlet himself feels that he is slacking on his vengeance. He explains that ...alloccasions do inform against him and spur his dull revenge. (Act IV, sight iii) Thereare many points in the book were Hamlet gets upset at himself because he isnt applyinghimself to his quest for revenge. Hamlet must do what his father told him to do. His fathersays that if Hamlet ever loved him, he leave alone Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder.(Scene I, Act v) He considers himself languid and says My fathers brother, but no more likemy father/ than I do Hercules. (Act I. Scene ii)     Eventually...

Business Report Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Business ReportSOCIAL customEvery country has its own social customs and gestures. Ireland has its deal of social customs that differ from the get together States, but for the most sever the countries are relatively similar. Friendliness and hospitality have always been the certification of the Irish people. People in Ireland react to strangers very politely, as you would stay in most parts of the fall in States. The attitude toward foreigners in Ireland is somewhat friendly, and welcoming, as opposed to being hostile. In Ireland people greet individually other much like they do in the United States. In a social setting, a handshake is appropriate when greeting other man, when greeting a woman a hug is appropriate.The manners in Ireland follow the United States almost exclusively. Entering or deviation a room in Ireland is much like entering or leaving a room in the United States. When entering and greeting a person, it is considered good manners to shake a mans hand, or of fer a woman a hug, but beyond that, when exiting a room, there is no bowing or nodding. Do not go overboard, the Irish arent physically effusive. If an Irish person refers to you by your stick out name, do the same, generally in a social beatuation they work shift quickly to using your maiden name.1 Other than this using a name for an introduction follows the usual Mr., or Mrs., when referring to an adult. In a non-formal setting, such as a social atmosphere, referring to someone by his or her first name is completely acceptable.1 In the part of Ireland researched, social customs do not dictate where or when people are expected to sit in a social or business setting until now it would be advised when in a business situation not to be seated until asked. There are no hand gestures, nervus facialis expressions, or phrases noted that would be considered rude in Ireland that would not be considered rude in the United States. This also works in the turnround direction, where, suc h hand gestures, facial expressions, and phrases that would be considered rude in the United States will also be taken as rude in Ireland.When speaking to a person from Ireland, you would stand just as you would when speaking to an American in the United States. A relaxed manner, and a reasonable length are the norm.While in a restaurant in Ireland you would token a waiter in the same manner that you would in the United Stat... ... would have to be that of, St. Patrick, Patron of Ireland. St. Patrick worked in a missionary in the 5th century. He played a crucial part of converting Ireland into the Christian faith.There are many important dates on the Irish calendar. many another(prenominal) of which happen to be festivals. St. Brighads Feast (Feb. 1), May Eve, Festival of Lughnasa (Aug), and Halloween. beingness that most of Irelands people are of Christian faith, all of the Christian holidays such as Christmas, Easter, St. Johns Night, and the Feast of St. Martin, are celebra ted.The Irish National Anthem-The Soldiers Song or Amhran na bhFiann, - was compose in 1907 by Peader Kearney, who together with Patrick Henney also composed the music. It was first publish in 1912, and was formally adopted in 1926. It consists of three stanzas and a chorus, the school text of which goes as followsSoldiers are we, whose lives are pledged to IrelandSome have stick to from a land beyond the wave,Sworn to be free, no much our ancient sire landShall shelter the despot or the slave. this evening we man the bearna baolIn Erins cause come woe or wealMid cannons roar and rifles peal,Well chant a Soldiers song.19

Care Plan

P eitheriative c atomic number 18 would al dispirited the knob to perk up a combine and holistic approach for practice of medicines, equipment, unseeing, and symptom treatment all hypnotised with and through maven program. The community wellness treasure give birth to be occupyful not to impose 1s own perception or so shade of flavour upon the client. With the experience of having serve welled two(prenominal) of my p atomic number 18nts through the dying(p) attend, I grapple that it is heavy to separate my own experience and perceptions from those of my client. Just as all(prenominal) individual packs on look with a different philosophy, so it goes with the dying process.The obtain moldiness not assume that the unhurrieds priorities ar the homogeneous as his or hers. Open communication regarding the longanimouss wants and read must be initiated. though not all longanimouss imbibe had the time or sk disturbeds to survive how to assign with a ter minal illness, one of the well-nigh important Jobs of the nurse is to attach the forbearing of role role to the proper resources needed for navigating through the various aspects and stages of their illness process, and to do so with appear Judgment or bias. B. M any terminally ill patients fetch to voyage through the stages of grief as outlined by Elisabeth Kibble-Ross.While c be for this client with a lingering terminal illness such(prenominal) as depose buoycer, my firstly strategy would be to keep the lines of communication forthright, managing the patients aflame and apparitional require and outlining the stages of grief as the client progresses through them. By initiating a steady-going line of communication, one peck recognize and lapse both Mr.. And Mrs.. doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomas through denial, anger, bargaining, depression and credence (Kibble-Ross). It ordain be easier to break out fake Mrs.. Thomas bodily need fully if her mental social need fork up been addressed.My certify strategy in succoring to improve the flavor of flavour for Mrs.. Thomas and her husband would be to influence Mrs. Thomas hold dear. Working cautiously with a mitigatory or hospice police squad to manage the corporal dis hold dears of the tangents illness, can greatly ontogeny attribute of smell. This is often a critical line of business of educating the patient on spitefulness control. endurings are often afraid to take irritation medications, and curative communication is plausibly to be necessary. Monsoon). My third strategy would be to company up an interdisciplinary mitigative share police squad to to manage the health of Mrs..Thomas. Terminal illness can be overtake for a family, where likely at that place are opposite factors be it financial, familial, mental, and no one person can manage it all. By get goinging with the family to nominate a pricey team or dole out, the burde n can be lift moody the family and this lead ideally allow them to criminal maintenance for their love one without neat burdened or overwhelmed. It is important to consult the family regarding any sacred sign that they would feel comforting. Is there a minister or uncanny pass by mensesly in their life?If not, would they be open as well consult from someone that is akin to their spiritual values? These are questions that should be heedfully addressed. C. nurse cautiousness picture for Mrs.. Thomas legal opinion Mrs.. Thomas is a 56 year-old female with a floor of summit crab louse. Mrs.. Thomas is aerate with both grown sons, aged 28 and 30 both of which brave out of state. Mrs.. Thomas has a strong familial history of braes cancer and one year ago, was treated for a malignant majority in her right boob.After a right mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiation vi months ago, the cancer has straightaway returned with subsequent right sided mastectomy, chemothera py and radiation. The cancer has outright metastasiss to the lungs and the chance is now deemed to be poor with palliative grapple now universe root oned. (Task 2). diagnosing round One Acute Pain tie in to cacography junior-grade to running(a) intervention as evidenced by tangents transparent discomfort/ crying(a) in bed, pallor, respirations, blood pressure and a piece of music of 8/10 torture. purpose 1. tolerant exit convey a chafe judge of 4 or slight on a shell of 10 with separately assessment. 2. Pain control as evidenced by patient demonstrating business leader to use analgesics appropriately, use alternative non-analgesic relief, reported spite sensation to be mild, relaxed form language, lively signs returning to normal excogitation 1. moderating aggravator medication as prescribed by physician (Swearing) 2. physical exertion of diversionary and or strategies to assist with pain (SHE Nursing anguish Plan Guide) 3. help patient with correcti ng for comfort pass .Evaluated effect of medication, give pain scale 2. Assessed effectiveness of diversionary strategies (SHE Nursing Care Plan Guide) 3. assisted with position changes Diagnosis Number Two Activity fanaticism related to reason weakness as evidenced by change magnitude degenerate Goal 1. The nurse will help fascinate a physical therapist to help with mobility 2.. Will ambulate IX close to pile every daytime unhurried 3.. Patient will fully get in in Talls indoors physical limitations without dizziness or change in vital signs by 8/1/14 1 .Assess patients take of mobility, devise in spite of appearance patients capability 2. Assess pabulumal status. Adequate life force militia are required for activity. (Swearing) 3. Ambulate patient XX a twenty-four hour period 1. meliorate patient on benefits of mobility and the proper body chemical mechanism for mobility 2. advertise nutrition prior to activity and the proper body mechanism for mobility Monso on) 3. Ambulated patient XX effortless Diagnosis Number 3 otiose coping related to financial burden and emotional impact of diagnosing on family as evidenced by patients incr mitigation isolation 1.Set up a case interdisciplinary team incorporating counseling services for the family 2. Patient will usher conundrum solving techniques Monsoon) 3. Patient ill verbalize acceptance of diagnosis 1. Patient will utilize avail satisfactory aid systems and work with guidance for socio psych issues 2. Assist client to identify priorities and attain able goals as he/she starts to figure for necessary lifestyle and role changes 3. Perform actions to promote the grieve process (Elsevier) 1. Patient met with counseling services 2. Patient identify priorities and chastise goals 3.Patient show knowledge of the 5 stages of grief and how to work through them In tack together to optimize Mrs.. Thomas functional ability, the precaution team should try for all three of the goals in her v isualize of care to be met. startle of all, her pain unavoidably to be managed so that manipulation can be successful, without discomfort. It is kind of common for patients to be concerned about fit given over to pain medication as in the causal agency of Mrs.. Thomas. dependance is psychological colony on a drug and is not the very(prenominal) as permissiveness or physical dependence, according to Oncologist, DRP.Gary Johansson who states that In fact, habituation is idealistic when avoids are used for pain relief. With proper pedagogics and on a regular basis plan pain medication, Mrs.. Thomas should be much more palmy and able to manage other areas of her life more successfully. formerly Mrs.. Thomas pain is infra control, she will be able to work through umpteen an(prenominal) of the stresses that accommodate mounted since her diagnosis. As Mrs.. Thomas disease progresses, there will sleep with a time when she will no endless be able to care for herself. A new Plan of Care should be created and frame to transition to at that time.At this time the interdisciplinary team should live of a hospice care which is generally implemented when a patient has less than 6 months to live. When hospice is begun, all care is transferred to the hospice team. New entraps for care, medication, equipment will be descend up and time is given to the family or supporting both the patient and their love ones. Care will focus on do the most out of the time they have left, without some of the negative side-effects that life prolonging treatments can have. Monsoon).Most hospice patients can attain a level of comfort that allows them to contract on the emotional and practical issues of dying. Willet-Legislations). Mr.. Thomas is carrying a plentiful physical and emotional burden during his wifes terminal illness. The Thomas familys case is confused by Mr.. Thomas chronic depression and lofty stress occupation. As Mrs.. Thomas needs step up and change, so do the needs of the Mr.. Thomas. By facilitating psychological help for Mr.. Thomas, the care team is in turn helping Mrs.. Thomas by easing her worries about her spouse.Patients and families need support, guidance, and encouragement to begin be after for many decisions. umteen spouses are incubused with concern about the patients comfort and threatening termination as well as every day problems. This is an emotionally intense, exhausting, and preposterous experience, label in a world obscure from fooling life patterns. (Siegel). Mr.. Thomas needs to be reminded that in order to help care and be emotionally supportive to his wife, he needs to take care of himself. Medication reminders and grief support should be set up for Mr.. Thomas.Therapeutic dialogue and guidance can make all the leaving for the material other forward terminal patient. In addition, Mr.. Thomas needs assuagement care so that he can be fully put forward tour caring for his wife. Mr.. Thomas sh ould be encouraged to take a walk, a nap, or a restorative A care plan for Mr.. Thomas could be initiated with a nurse diagnosis of risk of exposure for health professional quality Strain. (SHE). Goal Spouse will report low or no feelings of burden or distress by 8/01/14, metrical by relief stated by spouse. Plan sanction the caregiver to talk of the town about feelings, concerns, uncertainties, and fears.Care PlanTransition Nursing Process Discussion Group 3 Case Study Michael Martinez Is a 24-year-old Marine who was Involved In a motor vehicle shot (MBA) while on leave. His face hit the dashboard, resulting in a offer of the mandible. Yesterday, he underwent a surgical incommensurable fixation, (wiring of the Jaw) for stabilization of the fracture. As a result of this surgery, he is unable to open his mouth and is limited to a liquefied diet. The restricted diet will be necessary for 4 to 5 weeks until the fracture heals. One day post pop, his vital signs are 120/76, T-99. 2, P-82, and R- 20.After medication, is pain level is 3/10. With the exception of facial bruising, his fashion is within normal Limits, Steps of the Nursing Process Patient schooling Assessment bearing and subjective data will be entered here. The database presented In the case study will be used. Data is collected and verify from the primary (apt. ) and the secondary (family, friends, health professionals, and medical record). Analysis of this data provides the backside for development of the remaining steps in the nursing process. Subjective Patient expresses disinterest in a liquid only diet Objective wired Jaw Liquid diet Nursing DiagnosisAfter analyzing the assessment data, counterfeit a priority nursing diagnosis. Remember, a nursing diagnosis is a statement describing the patients actual or potential response to a health problem that the nurse Is licensed and competent to treat. An actual diagnosis Is written In three parts diagnostic label (problem) related to_ a s evidenced/exhibited by_. A risk diagnosis is written in two parts Risk for (diagnostic label) _ related to Nutrition less than body requirements related to Inability to eat solid foods as evidenced by liquid diet post-surgery Planning Goals Now is the time set patient touch on goals.Here you will develop expected selection of interventions based on sextuplet important factors outlined in your text. Please write the interventions you select downstairs in implementation. Patient will be free of signs of malnutrition post dinner time each shift Implementation Here is where the nurse will carry out the plan of care. Then continue data collecting and modify the plan of care as needed and document care provided. What nursing interventions will you provide to enhance patient outcomes? Assess patients system of weights every shift Calculate bowel sounds Evaluate total daily food intake Provide high calorie, nutrient-rich dietary supplementsEvaluation The purpose of military rating i s to support the effectiveness of nursing practice which is patient-centered and patient-driven. This phase measures the patients response to nursing interventions and progress towards achieving goals using five elements listed in the text. Did you achieve the goal for this nursing diagnosis? Will you continue the plan of care, revise the plan of care, or discontinue? Reassess patients lab value daily for signs of malnutrition. If malnourished key health care provider for further orders Patient will weight within 10% of normal body weight every dawnCare PlanA. Our client, Mrs.. Thomas has been given the unfortunate diagnosis of metastasis breast cancer. When considering the current and future needs of this client, significant thought and planning must be directed toward the clients level of well being. In the case off terminally ill patient, it is important to help facilitate a high quality of life that encompasses both physical and psychological health. I would recommend initiati ng palliative care for Mrs.. Thomas.Palliative care would allow the client to receive a combined and holistic approach for medications, equipment, unseeing, and symptom treatment all fascinated through one program. The community health nurse needs to be careful not to impose ones own perception about quality of life upon the client. With the experience of having helped both of my parents through the dying process, I know that it is important to separate my own experience and perceptions from those of my client. Just as each person takes on life with a different philosophy, so it goes with the dying process.The nurse must not assume that the patients priorities are the same as his or hers. Open communication regarding the patients wants and needs must be initiated. Though not all patients have had the time or skills to know how to deal with a terminal illness, one of the most important Jobs of the nurse is to connect the patient to the proper resources needed for navigating through t he various aspects and stages of their disease process, and to do so without Judgment or bias. B. Many terminally ill patients begin to navigate through the stages of grief as outlined by Elisabeth Kibble-Ross.While caring for this client with a lingering terminal illness such as cancer, my first strategy would be to keep the lines of communication open, managing the patients emotional and spiritual needs and outlining the stages of grief as the client progresses through them. By initiating a good line of communication, one can recognize and guide both Mr.. And Mrs.. Thomas through denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance (Kibble-Ross). It will be easier to better manage Mrs.. Thomas physical needs if her psychological social needs have been addressed.My second strategy in helping to improve the quality of life for Mrs.. Thomas and her husband would be to manage Mrs. Thomas comfort. Working cautiously with a palliative or hospice team to manage the physical discomforts o f the tangents illness, can greatly increase quality of life. This is often a critical area of educating the patient on pain control. Patients are often afraid to take pain medications, and therapeutic communication is likely to be necessary. Monsoon). My third strategy would be to set up an interdisciplinary palliative care team to to manage the health of Mrs..Thomas. Terminal illness can be overwhelming for a family, where likely there are other factors be it financial, familial, psychological, and no one person can manage it all. By working with the family to institute a good team or care, the burden can be lifted off the family and this will ideally allow them to care for their loved one without becoming burdened or overwhelmed. It is important to consult the family regarding any spiritual support that they would feel comforting. Is there a minister or spiritual guide currently in their life?If not, would they be open too visit from someone that is akin to their spiritual value s? These are questions that should be carefully addressed. C. Nursing Care Plan for Mrs.. Thomas Assessment Mrs.. Thomas is a 56 year-old female with a history of breast cancer. Mrs.. Thomas is aired with two grown sons, aged 28 and 30 both of which live out of state. Mrs.. Thomas has a strong familial history of braes cancer and one year ago, was treated for a malignant mass in her right breast.After a right mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiation six months ago, the cancer has now returned with subsequent right sided mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiation. The cancer has now metastasiss to the lungs and the prognosis is now deemed to be poor with palliative care now being recommended. (Task 2). Diagnosis Number One Acute Pain related to incision secondary to surgical intervention as evidenced by tangents visible discomfort/crying in bed, pallor, respirations, blood pressure and a report of 8/10 pain. Goal 1.Patient will verbalize a pain rating of 4 or less on a scale of 10 with eac h assessment. 2. Pain control as evidenced by patient demonstrating ability to use analgesics appropriately, use alternative non-analgesic relief, reported pain to be mild, relaxed body language, vital signs returning to normal Plan 1. Analgesic pain medication as prescribed by physician (Swearing) 2. Use of diversionary and or strategies to assist with pain (SHE Nursing Care Plan Guide) 3. Assist patient with positioning for comfort Implement .Evaluated effect of medication, utilize pain scale 2. Assessed effectiveness of diversionary strategies (SHE Nursing Care Plan Guide) 3. Assisted with position changes Diagnosis Number Two Activity Intolerance related to generalized weakness as evidenced by increasing fatigue Goal 1. The nurse will help fascinate a physical therapist to help with mobility 2.. Will ambulate IX around block daily Patient 3.. Patient will fully participate in Talls within physical limitations without dizziness or change in vital signs by 8/1/14 1 .Assess patient s level of mobility, educate within patients capability 2. Assess nutritional status. Adequate energy reserves are required for activity. (Swearing) 3. Ambulate patient XX a day 1. Educated patient on benefits of mobility and the proper body mechanics for mobility 2. Encourage nutrition prior to activity and the proper body mechanics for mobility Monsoon) 3. Ambulated patient XX daily Diagnosis Number 3 Ineffective Coping related to financial burden and emotional impact of diagnosis on family as evidenced by patients increasing isolation 1.Set up a quality interdisciplinary team incorporating counseling services for the family 2. Patient will demonstrate problem solving techniques Monsoon) 3. Patient ill verbalize acceptance of diagnosis 1. Patient will utilize available support systems and work with counselor for socio psych issues 2. Assist client to identify priorities and attainable goals as he/she starts to plan for necessary lifestyle and role changes 3. Perform actions to fac ilitate the grieving process (Elsevier) 1. Patient met with counseling services 2. Patient identified priorities and set goals 3.Patient demonstrated knowledge of the 5 stages of grief and how to work through them In order to optimize Mrs.. Thomas functional ability, the care team should strive for all three of the goals in her plan of care to be met. First of all, her pain needs to be managed so that manipulation can be successful, without discomfort. It is quite common for patients to be concerned about becoming addicted to pain medication as in the case of Mrs.. Thomas. Addiction is psychological dependence on a drug and is not the same as tolerance or physical dependence, according to Oncologist, Dry.Gary Johansson who states that In fact, addiction is rare when avoids are used for pain relief. With proper education and regularly scheduled pain medication, Mrs.. Thomas should be much more comfortable and able to manage other areas of her life more successfully. Once Mrs.. Thomas pain is under control, she will be able to work through many of the stresses that have mounted since her diagnosis. As Mrs.. Thomas disease progresses, there will come a time when she will no longer be able to care for herself. A new Plan of Care should be created and ready to transition to at that time.At this time the interdisciplinary team should consist of a hospice care which is generally implemented when a patient has less than 6 months to live. When hospice is begun, all care is transferred to the hospice team. New orders for care, medication, equipment will be set up and time is given to the family or supporting both the patient and their loved ones. Care will focus on making the most out of the time they have left, without some of the negative side-effects that life prolonging treatments can have. Monsoon).Most hospice patients can attain a level of comfort that allows them to concentrate on the emotional and practical issues of dying. Willet-Legislations). Mr.. Thomas is carrying a big physical and emotional burden during his wifes terminal illness. The Thomas familys case is complicated by Mr.. Thomas chronic depression and high stress occupation. As Mrs.. Thomas needs escalate and change, so do the needs of the Mr.. Thomas. By facilitating psychological help for Mr.. Thomas, the care team is in turn helping Mrs.. Thomas by easing her worries about her spouse.Patients and families need support, guidance, and encouragement to begin planning for many decisions. Many spouses are weighted with concern about the patients comfort and impending death as well as every day problems. This is an emotionally intense, exhausting, and singular experience, set in a world apart from everyday life patterns. (Siegel). Mr.. Thomas needs to be reminded that in order to help care and be emotionally supportive to his wife, he needs to take care of himself. Medication reminders and grief support should be set up for Mr.. Thomas.Therapeutic conversation and guidance can m ake all the difference for the significant other off terminal patient. In addition, Mr.. Thomas needs respite care so that he can be fully present while caring for his wife. Mr.. Thomas should be encouraged to take a walk, a nap, or a restorative A care plan for Mr.. Thomas could be initiated with a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Caregiver Role Strain. (SHE). Goal Spouse will report low or no feelings of burden or distress by 8/01/14, measured by relief stated by spouse. Plan Encourage the caregiver to talk about feelings, concerns, uncertainties, and fears.Acknowledge the frustration associated with caregiver responsibilities. Initiate counseling. 2. Help the caregiver problem solve to meet his needs. 3. Set up medication reminders for psychological medications. Implement 1. Patient openly discusses concerns, uncertainties and fears (SHE). Patient acknowledges frustrations associated with his caregiver responsibilities. Patient attends counseling. 2. Patient participates in problem solving to meet his needs. 3. Patient follows medication reminders and takes medications for his depression.Care PlanA. Our client, Mrs.. Thomas has been given the unfortunate diagnosis of metastasis breast cancer. When considering the current and future needs of this client, significant thought and planning must be directed toward the clients level of well being. In the case off terminally ill patient, it is important to help facilitate a high quality of life that encompasses both physical and psychological health. I would recommend initiating palliative care for Mrs.. Thomas.Palliative care would allow the client to receive a combined and holistic approach for medications, equipment, unseeing, and symptom treatment all fascinated through one program. The community health nurse needs to be careful not to impose ones own perception about quality of life upon the client. With the experience of having helped both of my parents through the dying process, I know that it is important to separate my own experience and perceptions from those of my client. Just as each person takes on life with a different philosophy, so it goes with the dying process.The nurse must not assume that the patients priorities are the same as his or hers. Open communication regarding the patients wants and needs must be initiated. Though not all patients have had the time or skills to know how to deal with a terminal illness, one of the most important Jobs of the nurse is to connect the patient to the proper resources needed for navigating through the various aspects and stages of their disease process, and to do so without Judgment or bias. B. Many terminally ill patients begin to navigate through the stages of grief as outlined by Elisabeth Kibble-Ross.While caring for this client with a lingering terminal illness such as cancer, my first strategy would be to keep the lines of communication open, managing the patients emotional and spiritual needs and outlining the stages of grief as the client progresses through them. By initiating a good line of communication, one can recognize and guide both Mr.. And Mrs.. Thomas through denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance (Kibble-Ross). It will be easier to better manage Mrs.. Thomas physical needs if her psychological social needs have been addressed.My second strategy in helping to improve the quality of life for Mrs.. Thomas and her husband would be to manage Mrs. Thomas comfort. Working carefully with a palliative or hospice team to manage the physical discomforts of the tangents illness, can greatly increase quality of life. This is often a critical area of educating the patient on pain control. Patients are often afraid to take pain medications, and therapeutic communication is likely to be necessary. Monsoon). My third strategy would be to set up an interdisciplinary palliative care team to to manage the health of Mrs..Thomas. Terminal illness can be overwhelming for a family, where likely there are othe r factors be it financial, familial, psychological, and no one person can manage it all. By working with the family to institute a good team or care, the burden can be lifted off the family and this will ideally allow them to care for their loved one without becoming burdened or overwhelmed. It is important to consult the family regarding any spiritual support that they would feel comforting. Is there a minister or spiritual guide currently in their life?If not, would they be open too visit from someone that is akin to their spiritual values? These are questions that should be carefully addressed. C. Nursing Care Plan for Mrs.. Thomas Assessment Mrs.. Thomas is a 56 year-old female with a history of breast cancer. Mrs.. Thomas is aired with two grown sons, aged 28 and 30 both of which live out of state. Mrs.. Thomas has a strong familial history of braes cancer and one year ago, was treated for a malignant mass in her right breast.After a right mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiatio n six months ago, the cancer has now returned with subsequent right sided mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiation. The cancer has now metastasiss to the lungs and the prognosis is now deemed to be poor with palliative care now being recommended. (Task 2). Diagnosis Number One Acute Pain related to incision secondary to surgical intervention as evidenced by tangents visible discomfort/crying in bed, pallor, respirations, blood pressure and a report of 8/10 pain. Goal 1.Patient will verbalize a pain rating of 4 or less on a scale of 10 with each assessment. 2. Pain control as evidenced by patient demonstrating ability to use analgesics appropriately, use alternative non-analgesic relief, reported pain to be mild, relaxed body language, vital signs returning to normal Plan 1. Analgesic pain medication as prescribed by physician (Swearing) 2. Use of diversionary and or strategies to assist with pain (SHE Nursing Care Plan Guide) 3. Assist patient with positioning for comfort Implement .E valuated effect of medication, utilize pain scale 2. Assessed effectiveness of diversionary strategies (SHE Nursing Care Plan Guide) 3. Assisted with position changes Diagnosis Number Two Activity Intolerance related to generalized weakness as evidenced by increasing fatigue Goal 1. The nurse will help fascinate a physical therapist to help with mobility 2.. Will ambulate IX around block daily Patient 3.. Patient will fully participate in Talls within physical limitations without dizziness or change in vital signs by 8/1/14 1 .Assess patients level of mobility, educate within patients capability 2. Assess nutritional status. Adequate energy reserves are required for activity. (Swearing) 3. Ambulate patient XX a day 1. Educated patient on benefits of mobility and the proper body mechanics for mobility 2. Encourage nutrition prior to activity and the proper body mechanics for mobility Monsoon) 3. Ambulated patient XX daily Diagnosis Number 3 Ineffective Coping related to financial bur den and emotional impact of diagnosis on family as evidenced by patients increasing isolation 1.Set up a quality interdisciplinary team incorporating counseling services for the family 2. Patient will demonstrate problem solving techniques Monsoon) 3. Patient ill verbalize acceptance of diagnosis 1. Patient will utilize available support systems and work with counselor for socio psych issues 2. Assist client to identify priorities and attainable goals as he/she starts to plan for necessary lifestyle and role changes 3. Perform actions to facilitate the grieving process (Elsevier) 1. Patient met with counseling services 2. Patient identified priorities and set goals 3.Patient demonstrated knowledge of the 5 stages of grief and how to work through them In order to optimize Mrs.. Thomas functional ability, the care team should strive for all three of the goals in her plan of care to be met. First of all, her pain needs to be managed so that manipulation can be successful, without disco mfort. It is quite common for patients to be concerned about becoming addicted to pain medication as in the case of Mrs.. Thomas. Addiction is psychological dependence on a drug and is not the same as tolerance or physical dependence, according to Oncologist, Dry.Gary Johansson who states that In fact, addiction is rare when avoids are used for pain relief. With proper education and regularly scheduled pain medication, Mrs.. Thomas should be much more comfortable and able to manage other areas of her life more successfully. Once Mrs.. Thomas pain is under control, she will be able to work through many of the stresses that have mounted since her diagnosis. As Mrs.. Thomas disease progresses, there will come a time when she will no longer be able to care for herself. A new Plan of Care should be created and ready to transition to at that time.At this time the interdisciplinary team should consist of a hospice care which is generally implemented when a patient has less than 6 months to live. When hospice is begun, all care is transferred to the hospice team. New orders for care, medication, equipment will be set up and time is given to the family or supporting both the patient and their loved ones. Care will focus on making the most out of the time they have left, without some of the negative side-effects that life prolonging treatments can have. Monsoon).Most hospice patients can attain a level of comfort that allows them to concentrate on the emotional and practical issues of dying. Willet-Legislations). Mr.. Thomas is carrying a big physical and emotional burden during his wifes terminal illness. The Thomas familys case is complicated by Mr.. Thomas chronic depression and high stress occupation. As Mrs.. Thomas needs escalate and change, so do the needs of the Mr.. Thomas. By facilitating psychological help for Mr.. Thomas, the care team is in turn helping Mrs.. Thomas by easing her worries about her spouse.Patients and families need support, guidance, and enc ouragement to begin planning for many decisions. Many spouses are weighted with concern about the patients comfort and impending death as well as every day problems. This is an emotionally intense, exhausting, and singular experience, set in a world apart from everyday life patterns. (Siegel). Mr.. Thomas needs to be reminded that in order to help care and be emotionally supportive to his wife, he needs to take care of himself. Medication reminders and grief support should be set up for Mr.. Thomas.Therapeutic conversation and guidance can make all the difference for the significant other off terminal patient. In addition, Mr.. Thomas needs respite care so that he can be fully present while caring for his wife. Mr.. Thomas should be encouraged to take a walk, a nap, or a restorative A care plan for Mr.. Thomas could be initiated with a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Caregiver Role Strain. (SHE). Goal Spouse will report low or no feelings of burden or distress by 8/01/14, measured by relief stated by spouse. Plan Encourage the caregiver to talk about feelings, concerns, uncertainties, and fears.Acknowledge the frustration associated with caregiver responsibilities. Initiate counseling. 2. Help the caregiver problem solve to meet his needs. 3. Set up medication reminders for psychological medications. Implement 1. Patient openly discusses concerns, uncertainties and fears (SHE). Patient acknowledges frustrations associated with his caregiver responsibilities. Patient attends counseling. 2. Patient participates in problem solving to meet his needs. 3. Patient follows medication reminders and takes medications for his depression.

Love is Pain Essay

Then almighty Juno, pitying her long hurt and painful dying, sent glad d give from heaven to release her seek soul from the prison of her flesh. The Aeneid, Book 4, line 693            In Book four of the Aeneid, the selection narrates the tragical story between the protagonist of the story, Aeneas and Dido, the queen of Carthage. Although Aeneas and Didos relationship only spans a sm wholly chapter in the entirety of the Aeneid, it lull represent striking themes on issue, betrayal, and omnipotent interference of the matinee idols in the personal matters of hu humans beings. The story of Aeneas and Dido is a classic symbolism of warmth the man, compelled by duty, sheds bonk that he could never have musical composition the woman scorns for her dispirited state in so far finds retri exception with death as she escapes her mortal prison full of pain and anguish.            After the de ath of her husband, Dido ranges that she will not unite again. However, the interference of Venus and her son Cupid ca engagements the dearest of Dido for Aeneas to grow as she listens to his tragic tales. Didos babe Anna consoles the queen and reassures her that by marrying Aeneas, Carthages military might will increase since trojan horse warriors loyal to Aeneas will follow him. Juno, the wife of Jupiter and the goddess of marriage, sees that Didos crawl in for Aeneas has consumed her and plots to prevent Aeneas from going to Italy. Juno convinces Venus to aid her into acquiring Dido and Aeneas together so that they could be simply together. Juno promises a pressure so that they could take shelter in a hollow out.In doing so, the Trojans and Tyrians would forge a truce and the two goddesses will end their squabble. The following twenty-four hours, the queen of Carthage and the Trojan warrior word of f atomic number 18well the city to go hunting. In the middle of the forest, Juno brings d protest the promised storm and the copulate takes refuge beneath a cake. The two enjoy a moment together and openly declare their cheat for each separate as they returned to Carthage. Dido considers their experience together as a married couple yet to be consecrated in ceremony. Meanwhile, rumors spread around the mismanaged city that couple submitted themselves to lust and began to neglect their duties as rulers.            Jupiter learns of the office of Dido and Aeneas and sends Mercury to leave a message to Aeneas to instigate him of his duty and must immediately leave for Italy. Aeneas is shocked hardly obeys the see to it. Yet he is in dilemma compelled by his divine responsibilities, he is left to think by himself on how would condone his leave to Dido. Aeneas commands his men to secretly prepare the ship for departure but Dido catches him in the act. Didos anger is unexplainable as she began to insu lt Aeneas and accuse him for stealing her honor. Aeneas is torn by regret, yet he pushes aside his aroused burden for his greater worthyness with caboodle. Dido sends her sister Anna to persuade Aeneas to stay, but the Trojan warrior has made up his mind.            Amid a diaphragm of distress, love, and anger, the queen appears one sidereal day calm and replete and quietly orders her sister to start a cease the courtyard. By starting a fire, she can get rid of Aeneas computer storage by burning all his clothes and things that he left. Didos rue grows her a remainderless iniquity while Aeneas dreams of Mercury again and sends him other message that he has lingered too long and must leave soon. With this, Aeneas leaves the city of Carthage.            The queen sees Aeneas fleet depart and falls into perceptional disrepair. Running to the prosperous flames burning all their memori es together, she turns it into her own funeral pyre. In her grief, she takes a sword and stabs herself while cursing the departing Aeneas. Her sister and their servants run up to the dying Dido and Juno takes pity and sends Iris to redeem Didos struggling soul from her mortal prison.            Dido and Aeneas story of love is only for a brief moment as Aeneas leaves for Italy, leaving Dido behind. As implied by the introductory passs, Dido is already torn between her emotions and better thinker as early as her relationship with Aeneas begins to grow. But the queen, long since struck with a grievous love-pang, feeds the wound with her lifeblood and is wasted with fire unseen (IV, 1). Her shell is put to the test between the coming of Aeneas and the recent death of his husband.The use of lifeblood in the sentence implies that Dido already hides her emotional scars and attempts to restart a refreshful life. Dido mentions, He who first l inked me to himself has taken away my hear whitethorn he keep it with him, and guard it in the grave (IV, 6). Dido engulfs herself in her own grief, denying her change in rekindling love and an opportunity for enjoyment. It can be deduced from the pass that she has suffered a number of painful experiences with love and has lost the will to love again.Consequently, the goddess Juno sees Didos love for Juno grows to a point that it could kill her Soon as the loved wife of Jove saw that Dido was held in a passion so fatal, and that her good public figure was now bar to her frenzy (IV, 90). This heart that her love for Aeneas was true and real, so true that if ever she has her heart broken again, it would cause her a tragic death. Dido already gave all her love to a man who she knew in herself that she would love forever. Didos tragedy is reflected her own love she was ineffective to see past the consequences of the choice she was making because of her already miserable state.             With second of Juno and Venus, Didos love grows and plans to set the couple alone during the hunt. The goddesses plan whitethorn be mistaken as pity in the case of Dido but she is only a distraction for Aeneas to not embark on his journey. Dido and Aeneas are unaware of this ploy and enjoy happiness for a short period of time. As the couple goes hunting, Dido and Aeneas finally have the time to be alone together as they shelter themselves in a cave against a violent storm.The two make love and Dido is satisfied and happy for no more is Dido swayed by fair show or fair fame, no more does she dream of a secret love she calls it marriage and with that name veils her sin (IV, 160). Dido at exsert experiences true happiness and Aeneas feels the corresponding for her. Their love was no longer a subject of suspicion and their acts in the cave made Dido feel that they were already married and only to be officialized by a formal ceremony. For a brief moment of time, Dido and Aeneas find happiness with each other, finally separating themselves from their tragic lives even though only quantified with personal pleasure.            However, Aeneas receives a message from Jupiter to remind him of his duty to Italy. He is torn with regret. He burns to fell away and quit that pleasant land, awed by that warning and divine commandment. Ah, what to do? With what speech now dare he approach the frenzied queen? (IV, 279). Aeneas tragic trait falls beneath his burden of fate but not of choice. Aeneas immediately considers his divine responsibility without any choice of disregarding his duty. He is bound to his fate without means of escape. Based from his initial reaction, he immediate thinks on how to address his fate to Dido, who is hopelessly in love with him. Dido, upon hearing of the news, flies into a plaguy rage and confronts Aeneas False one Did you really hope to cloak so f oul a crime and to steal my land in close up? Does neither our love restrain you, nor the pledge at a time given, nor the doom of a cruel death for Dido? (IV, 305).Her love causes her madness, torn between the idea of her grounds fate without a strong army and her blinded love for Aeneas. It can be observed in the expiration that she cannot contain her emotion anymore and says what she truly feels. Aeneas, in turn, replies Now, too, the messenger of the gods sent from Jove himself I swear by both our lives has naturale his command down through the swift breezes my own eyes saw the god in the clear light of day come within our walls and these ears drank in his words. Cease to inflame yourself and me with your complaints. It is not by my wish that I make for Italy (IV, 331).Aeneas is compelled by his duty and tries to explain his situation to Dido, making her understand. Dido, enraged by her loved and fear, retorts Truly, this is work for the gods, this is care to fret their p eace I detain you notYet I trust, if the righteous gods have any power, that on the rocks midway you will drain the form of vengeance and often call on Didos name. Though utmost away, I will chase you with murky brands and, when chill death has break up soul and body, everywhere my shade shall haunt you (IV, 362). Didos love causes her rambunctious rage and he imparts Aeneas a haunting thought for him before leaving. Clearly, she is raise over this development and curses Aeneas from being adamant in his quest. She even favors her sister to persuade the Trojan hero from leaving as a last resort.            In the end, Dido prays for her death. She instructs her sister to construct a fire that would burn all her memories of Aeneas clothes, weapons, armor, etc. I want to destroy all memorials of the abhorred wretch, and the priestess to directs (IV, 474). Driven by madness of love, regret, and bitterness, she throws herself into the pyre and stabs herself with Aeneas sword.            Aeneas has the greatest tragedy as a character. He spurns the love of Dido, compelled by his duty to Jupiter and his quest to Italy. After a night thinking about Dido, he falls asleep and in his dream, he sees the messenger of the gods hastening him with his journey. Without any other thought, he calls his men and leaves the ports of Carthage that same night. He feels no remorse or regret as shown in this passage Thus indeed Aeneas, scared by the sudden vision, tears himself from sleep and bestirs his comrades.Make haste, my men, awake and man the benches Unfurl the sails with speed A god sent from high heaven again spurs us to hasten our leak and cut the twisted cables The same zeal catches all at one time with hurry and scurry they have quitted the shore the sea is hidden under their fleets lustily the churn the foam and sweep the blue waters (IV, 571). Aeneas cares cryptograph about hi s feeling or his emotions once the divine gods imperiously command his return. He is more fearful of his life and fate rather than his love for Dido.            For Dido, her most tragic trait was her selfless love for Aeneas. She did not once waver in her love, yet she was driven by madness. After a fruitful experience with Dido, she viewed their relationship beyond physical pleasure. Aeneas also snarl exactly the same way, but he considered his duty before love. Consequently, Didos painful and bitter remark represented her regret, anger, and sorrow at the same time At least, if before your flight a child of yours had been born to me, if in my hall a baby Aeneas were playing whose face, in malevolency of all, would bring back yours, I should not think myself utterly vanquished and hopeless (IV, 305).This is probably her ultimate sacrifice and the cause of her eventual downfall. Dido was ready to gain a new life with Aeneas. Yet, after all her love and sacrifices, she feels betrayed by Aeneas sudden departure. She feels a mixture of fear, anger, sorrow and hopelessness in her part. The passage implies her most tragic trait torn by love yet a memory of him survives in form of his child is alive to remind her of a tragic and painful love from the past.Works CitedVirgil. Eclogues, Georgics, Aeneid. trans. Fairclough, H. Loeb Classical depository library Volumes 63 & 64. Cambridge, Mass Cambridge University Press, 1916. 

Isolation as Defense: The way Sentinelese lives Essay

specify al mavin is much more compar competent having a heavy luggage inside your heart and at the same time, it doesnt really call for soulfulness realize that al wiz is such an ugly word unless you already felt it and for the residents of marriage Sentil Island, being alone and away from the nuance is far better for their tribe. It keeps them away from being wordly and in any case dependent with applied science and the many an(prenominal) developments that Earth dope offer now.            The way Sentinelese lives is far from the luxury and the glamorous liveness style which some of the cultivated mickle drop in personate, with several developments and arising new technologies, raft of the new generation and healthful educated individuals compargond to the natives were much more civilized and well taught of the right things to do and the right manner and conduct towards the people some them.     & nbsp      There was no thorough account about the people of the North Sentinel Island or whom we call as Sentinelese at present. There were only few encounters with these people and almost all of these encounters can be considered as failed operations or missions. Most of the time, they welcome their un faren visitors by firing arrows and waving their axes towards these unknowns.            locate at the Bengal Bay, particularly in the North Sentil Island, the Sentinelese were part of the Adamanese Indegenous people who lives in most parts of the Andaman Islands. These people gestates more equivalent pygmies or Negritos and are naked as if they dont establish any internal parts which needs some privacy, for the Sentinelese, it does non mean anything and they dont need clothes. The Sentinelese are only short people, barely reaching intravenous feeding or five feet tall, they deem frizzy curly hair and minatory s kin.            These people are more often than not hunters and they live their lives by multitude forage from the forest and the sea. They make use of metal as their weapons and thither was no sigh that they know agriculture. Perhaps the tribe lives and eats throught hunting and gathering wild plants all over the island.The Sentinelese and the outside area (Direct Contacts with the Sentinelese)            If we will look at the present situation and attitude of the Sentinelese, we would assume that these people does not have any education of the current trends in the outside world of the Island. The Sentinelese shows  no contact with foreigners or people who does not look like them. Although some notes were taken saying that they somehow had physical contacts with the British who killed mostly their population through the diseases they brought during their colonization in the Islands an d Japanese colonizers who killed most of them, looking at at them shows no proof of the direct contacts because up to the present, Sentinelese and their tribe has not yet opened their doors to the world.            At present, the Sentinelese tribe remains as the most isolated tribe in the whole world. There was no expressed number of the people from this tribe and probably they could be more than 50 people but less than 300 in population. Surviving the 2004 Tsunami, the Sentinelese was able to save themselves and continue to live the peaceful live they thought they can have by simply isolating themselves.Sentineleses Defense mechanism             In 2006, two fishermen were reported to be killed by the people of North Sentil Island. The people thought that they were really dangerous aside from the fact that they clear arrows towards their visitors but the good news that make people soone r authorise was the news that the two bodies remained intact and was not eaten by the tribe like what people used to believe.            The two fishermen were believed to be drunk when the boat they were into shape off in the island and the tribesmen immediately attacked them according to the witnesses. The decision whether to account the incident as murder falls in to two sides. The family of Sundar Raj expects rightness plot of ground the father of Pandit Tiwari opposed to the diea by supporting the other half of the archipelago who says that delivery of the Island and the tribe is much more needed.RK Tiwari said that in this incident, the victims are the Sentinelese and not his son. He even said that it was the price his son has to pay because of tresspassing in a land he does not own, he had his own justice by being murdered.  The Sentinelese on his opinion were just defending themselves. solely he wanted to happen was to have the body of his son which is not quite impossible.            If this account will be murder, it is impossible to have or give justice, the authorities need to arrest the whole tribe to know who really killed the two fishermen. At the same time, they might risk too many lives and the arrest might lead to a lot of deaths in both sides. For the authorities, it is better to leave them alone and just focus on getting the bodies of the victims.            This tribe might have been too paranoid of the approaching of the unknows which probably drove them into firing arrows and waving their axes but we cant blame them. Probably the tribes people were only protecting tehmselves from the harm that the civilisation can give them thus, letting someone from the outside world in the island would mean of danger. Their past experiences from the colonizers were enough to make them believe that they can s tomach alone and be protected by tehmselves.No man is an island            punt in the Bible days, God made Adan together with no one like him except the animals he also designed but as days go by, he saw that Adan was lonely and thought that he will give him a companion, hence, Eve was made and together with Adan, they took complaint of Earth and soon formed humanity.            The longer we keep ourselves from the people around us, the harder it becomes to accept that life is much better with the people who cares for us and the people who we will let to touch our lives. The harder we accept that we need them beacuse they will take color in our life and make it worthwhile, the more impossible it is for us to learn that in real life applied in present status of the whole world, life is unfair and most of the times, we need someone who will make us realize that life is indeed pretty and pleas ant and that in the long run, in the end, they will be the one to save us and care for us no matter what. exertion speaks louder than words            The unfriendly gestures of the Sentinelese warriors is enough hint that they dont want to be disturbed. Visitors are not welcome to the people of the island and as civilized people we too must ascertain that they want it that way. They too have the right to be in peace no matter what evil they committed because in the first place, it was the civilized people who made their lives funky and killed their tribesmen. We cannot blame them from being defensive, thats all they have aside from themselves, their family and their tribe.  In the end, maybe it is rightful to leave them alone and let tehm have a time of their own rather than keep of disturbing the peace they have.closing off            Maybe at this point, that is what they all wanted. T hey want to be away from the many things that life has to offer and probably, it is the only way they know to protect themselves.It was already a long time ago when the whole world was relations with the ice age and that people werent like the people there is right now. As far as the people can understand it, back on to those times, people-like beings existed and later on developed into more human-like beings. Their exploitation resulted to different races in present and at the same time,            It is not quite unreasonable for the Sentinelese to forbid themselves from the modernization or the coming of civilization in their tribe. Perhaps, what they really wanted was to avoid it and live a peaceful life with themselves, away from the busy people walking in busy streets and maybe all they really wanted was to continue living life look for using arrows and be just the way they are. We dont have any idea what they really wanted, what they prefer to live with for the rest of their lives but their actions and gestures tells so much already, we better leave them alone, they like it that way.

Guidelines

How is hi narrative (or the authors biography) related to the short story? On your points and ideas by citing lines from the story. Moral Philosophical advancement * fill out * What morality or philosophy in life does the short story teach to its readers? Expound on your points and ideas by citing lines from the story. Formalism Approach * Analyze the elements of the short story. * How do the elements help establish the overall message of the story? Psychoanalytical Approach * Examine the three parts of the major characters psyche.Explain how sexuality motivates the behavior and the vie of the protagonist. * What symbols that are linked to sexual pleasure are made sheer in the story? Archetypal Approach * Identify and analyze the repeat patterns or symbols in the story. * Expound Feminist Approach * What female roles are pointed out in the story? * Explain how society imposes gender gap. loss Approach * Discuss the struggle within classes (the haves vs.. The have-onto/the elit e vs.. The socially impoverished). * How does force remain constant or shift throughout the Tory?Reader response Approach * How do you relate with the short story? * What are your personal responses to the short story? NOTE Regardless of the approach used, the plot of the story should be pointed out. Criteria Content (Are the questions clearly answered? How in-depth are the responses and discussions?

Ib Biology Hl

Is the anxious path significantly longer for a visual stimulant or a sound stimulus (or a pressure stimulus) Data assembly and processing Table 1a Data collected by behind Rha and Arthur Hamilton by dropping ruler for calculation of length of the neuronic pathways (Visual, Auditory and Sensual) tribulation Visual Auditory(Sound) Sensual(Pressure) (cm0. 1cm) (cm0. 1cm) (cm0. 1cm) illusion Arthur John Arthur John Arthur 1 43. 9 24. 1 33. 1 34. 6 50. 1 50. 5 2 73. 7 45. 6 66. 1 49. 2 29. 2 75. 2 3 47. 4 31 80. 2 25. 3 54. 4 41 4 32 24. 7 23. 1 39. 6 25. 6 47. 4 5 23. 5 29. 32. 9 35. 1 26. 2 30. 8 6 38. 6 27. 6 47. 6 34. 7 40. 6 49. 5 7 37. 9 20. 9 56 21. 7 41. 5 40. 2 8 28. 2 22. 7 24 57 29. 1 62 9 39. 9 62 43. 6 87. 2 30. 6 35. 4 10 23. 6 30. 5 49. 3 44. 4 44. 2 78. 2 11 58. 4 26. 2 66. 8 24. 2 41. 9 84. 3 12 40 32. 7 21. 1 36. 1 14. 2 21 13 55. 5 20. 2 61. 7 15. 1 61 41. 3 14 39. 6 32. 2 46. 9 28. 58 65 24. 8 15 46. 1 18. 1 61. 7 55 45. 9 22. 3 Table 1b Calculations of the reaction times the sentence stick fell Trial Visual Auditory(Sound) Sensual(Pressure) John Arthur John Arthur John Arthur 0. 299319 0. 221774 0. 259906 0. 26573 0. 319758 0. 321032 2 0. 387825 0. 305059 0. 367285 0. 316872 0. 244114 0. 391752 3 0. 311022 0. 251526 0. 404566 0. 227228 0. 333197 0. 289264 4 0. 255551 0. 224518 0. 217124 0. 284282 0. 228571 0. 311022 5 0. 218996 0. 243696 0. 259119 0. 267643 0. 231234 0. 250713 6 0. 28067 0. 237332 0. 311677 0. 266113 0. 287849 0. 317837 7 0. 278113 0. 206526 0. 338062 0. 210442 0. 291022 0. 286428 8 0. 239898 0. 215236 0. 221313 0. 341067 0. 243696 0. 355711 9 0. 285357 0. 355711 0. 298294 0. 421852 0. 249898 0. 68784 10 0. 219461 0. 249489 0. 317194 0. 301019 0. 30034 0. 399489 11 0. 34523 0. 231234 0. 369224 0. 222234 0. 292421 0. 414778 12 0. 285714 0. 258331 0. 207512 0. 271429 0. 170234 0. 20702 13 0. 336549 0. 203038 0. 35485 0. 175546 0. 352831 0. 29032 14 0. 284282 0. 256348 0. 309377 0. 241509 0. 364216 0. 224972 15 0. 306 727 0. 192195 0. 35485 0. 33503 0. 306061 0. 213331 Table 1c Calculations of the length ( outstrip) of neural pathway Trial Visual Auditory(Sound) Sensual(Pressure) John Arthur John Arthur John Arthur 1 2993. 19 2217. 739 2599. 58 2657. 296 3197. 576 3210. 315 2 3878. 249 3050. 594 3672. 846 3168. 725 2441. gross 3917. 517 3 3110. 22 2515. 26 4045. 658 2272. 282 3331. 973 2892. 637 4 2555. 506 2245. 176 2171. 241 2842. 821 2285. 714 3110. 22 5 2189. 959 2436. 96 2591. 194 2676. 428 2312. 345 2507. 133 6 2806. 698 2373. 321 3116. 775 2661. 134 2878. 492 3178. 371 7 2781. 132 2065. 262 3380. 617 2104. 417 2910. 221 2864. 277 8 2398. 979 2152. 36 2213. 133 3410. 668 2436. 96 3557. 114 9 2853. 569 3557. 114 2982. 945 4218. 521 2498. 979 2687. 841 10 2194. 613 2494. 93 3171. 943 3010. 187 3003. 399 3994. 895 11 3452. 299 2312. 345 3692. 242 2222. 336 2924. 213 4147. 78 12 2857. 143 2583. 306 2075. 12 2714. 286 1702. 339 2070. 197 13 3365. 491 2030. 381 3548. 498 1755. 458 3528. 311 2903 . 2 14 2842. 821 2563. 48 3093. 773 2415. 089 3642. 157 2249. 717 15 3067. 273 1921. 946 3548. 498 3350. 297 3060. 612 2133. 312 Table 2a Average keep of neural pathway Trial Visual Auditory(Sound) Sensual(Pressure) John Arthur John Arthur John Arthur 2889. 8 2434. 7 3060. 2 2765. 3 2810. 3 3028. 3 Conclusion and evaluationThe quarry of this experiment was to determine the distances of neural pathways and to discover if there are whatsoever significant differences amongst Visual, Auditory and Sensual neural pathway distances. The distance of each neural pathway includes and displays the following procedures. Ex) Visual stimulus First, your nerve centre sees the ruler. Then, your eye sends a message to the visual, stimulus cortex, which sends a message to the locomote cortex. The motor cortex sends a message to the spinal electric cord. The spinal cord sends a message to the muscles in your devolve and fingers. Finally, your muscles contract to allow you to pull in the rul er.Johns selective information shows that there were no significant differences. However, Arthurs data shows that the neural pathway for pressure stimulus is significantly longer than the pathway for visual stimulus. This is shown by the reason pathway length and the t-test performed. Calculation The algorithmic program to calculate the reaction speed isd = vt + ? at? where d = distance in meters v = initial velocity = 0 a = quickening due to gravity = 9. 81m/s? t = time in seconds We require to manipulated = vt + ? at? to give us an algorithm fort Asv= 0 thenvt= 0 therefore the algorithm ist = sqrt(2d/a) Example d = 43. 9cm = sqrt((2 ? 43. 9 ? 9. 8)) t = 0. 299 seconds (sigfig) 0. 299319*10000(m to cm)=2993. 2cm or 29. 932m The calculated distance for Arthurs Visual stimulus was 2434. 7cm, which was much shorter than the pressure stimulus length of 3028. 3cm or the auditory stimulus length of 2765. 3cm. The t-tests performed showed that there were no significant differences for Johns data, but Arthurs data showed that the iii sets of data were all significantly different. One huge weakness of this laboratory was that John and Arthurs hands were non the same distance aside from the ruler for every trial. This could have led to incorrect data ollection. in that location was other weakness when we were collecting the pressure stimulus, because the ruler fell more slowly due to the friction between the palm and the ruler, giving the expression of a faster reaction time. Also, the auditory reaction time was higher(prenominal) than the visual reaction time because the voice of the other person was not perfectly in time. Another reason for this is that it had lots of variability when the person commanded the other person to Go Our group could have attached another ruler on the sidewall to ensure a constant distance between the hand and the dropping point.Therefore, to improve this lab, we have to keep the distance between the hand and ruler constant fo r all trials. Also, when the person says Go it overly takes reaction time from his brain to his fingers to drop the ruler and from his brain to his spontaneous muscles to speak Go Therefore, to improve this lab, we need to use an electronic gubbins that can automatically drop the ruler with a short beep sound. To decrease friction, we need to use a simple grabbing tool wish tweezers instead of just grabbing with our hand, which creates sliding or friction depending on the hands condition (wet or dry).

Igno †Management of Human Resources Essay

1.Borderless world, renewing Management, and Knowledge power, argon some of the overarching factors being encountered by the Human resourcefulness Mangers of 21st century business world. How do they affect the dynamics of Human Resource Management in todays nerves? apologise with examples from the organization you are familiar with or demand been working for. soon describe the organization, you are referring to.2.Each employee in an organization performs various roles. reference perception of a manager and an employee make a complex net as they interact.Elaborate this statement in the light of socialisation factors in organizational socialising process. Outline the importance of initial Job socialization on the employee and the organization. Explain with the help of your personal buzz off and organizational experience with respect to the above concepts.Explain the situation and describe the organization, you are referring to.3. Consider possible Appraisal, Assessment Centr es, and Career and Succession Planning in an organizational context. strike the dynamics of these concepts, their interactional out contends, and impact on overall functioning and counsel of the organization.Put down your experience with respect to the dynamics of these factors in nub as take ton by you in an organizational situation or the situations which you are familiar with.Briefly describe the situation and the organization, you are referring to.4.How do you see the role, presence, necessity, and impact of Mentoring and Performance Coaching in organizational situations in Indian context in general? Critically describe the experience the organizations nurture with respect to these concepts, their applicability, effectiveness and prospect. You may like to compare few organizations you have known or familiar with or even you can come out with your own experience in organizational context. Describe the context, and the organization you are referring to.

Process Costing

A work at be trunk is a costing governance in which the cost of a product or service is obtained by designation cost to masses of like or akin(predicate) units. Unit costs are then calculated on an average basis. Process costing systems are employ in industries that produce like or similar units which are often mass produced. In these industries, products are manufactured in a very similar way. The companies usually use the aforesaid(prenominal) tote up of direct materials, direct manufacturing labor costs and manufacturing overhead costs (CliffNotes watch Guide, 1999).Industries that use physical process costing systems are for example chemical processing, anele refining, pharmaceuticals, plastics, brick and tile manufacturing, semiconductor chips, beverages and breakfast cereals. The business order cost systemis used when products are made based on specific customer orders. Each product produced is mooted a job. Costs are tracked by job. Services rendered can also be considered a job. Service companies consider the creation of a financial plan by a informed financial planner, or of an estate plan by an attorney, unique jobs.The job order cost system must capture and track by job the costs of producing each job, which includes materials, labor, and overhead in a manufacturing surroundings (Willkommen, 2000). The difference between job costing and process costing is the extent of averaging used to compute unit costs of product and services. The cost tendency in job costing is a job that constitutes a clear identifiable product or service. The quantity of manufacturing resources is different in whatever job. It would be incorrect to cost each job at the same average manufacturing cost.So, when like or similar units are mass produced, process costing averages manufacturing costs over all units produced (CliffNotes Study Guide, 1999). The costs of a product are important for inventory calculations, pricing decisions and product gainfulness ana lysis. Its also important for measuring how well the management is through with(p) and if costs are reduced effectively. A company I worked for used a hybrid system that used mostly a process costing system and certain aspects of the job order cost system. The system broke down separate material costs, overhead and labor.The system was plumb accurate and helped us maintain a healthy profit and ordinate certain aspects of the business as needed. References Accounting Principles II Job stage Cost System . (1999). CliffsNotes Study Guides . Retrieved July 21, 2012, from http//www. cliffsnotes. com/study_guide/Job-Order-Cost-System. topicArticleId-21248,articleId-21222. html Process Costing Systems. (2000). Willkommen in Ralf KAnigs Netzbehausung. Retrieved July 21, 2012, from http//www. koenig-aalen. de/vorstellung/present/pcs. php

Gambling research essay Essay

manoeuvre refers to the symbolize of any game where in that respect is m iodiney, or something of value at stake. thither atomic number 18 many an(prenominal) different forms of romp including horse races, lotteries, cassinos, scratch cards, production line market betting, and veritable(a) more than recently internet swordplay. Although these games argon meant for unskilled use, the thrill of turn gets some people to become so jobatic in it that they become dependent on romp. The effects of drama female genitals cause damage psychologically, be genuinely harmful to ones social life and bum alike cause many fleshly damages. childs play dependency and ghoulish gambol is non always seen as dangerous as early(a) dependencys like substance abuse incisively it dope in fact be a very damaging colony to many aspects of life and should be considered a major wellness problem. Not everyone who gambles has a gambling addiction or even has the cleverness of be ing addicted to gambling. The majority of people who gamble do not devote an addiction and simply do it for recreational purposes. But there is a small percentage of people who gamble who atomic number 18 considered problem gamblers or pathological gamblers.Pathological gamblers is described as, Pathological gambling is characterized by chronic and irresistible impulses to gamble, with consequent gambling compromises and disruptions to family, personal and vocational pursuits. (Coman, Burrows & angstrom unit Evans, 1997) This addiction causes the gambler to gamble very frequently, very much times they ordain begin to devote bigger and bigger bets and receiving feelings of anxiety or drop-off when they argon not gambling.Pathological gambling disregard also hold gambling to recover losses from previous gambling episodes, lying to family members to hand over and hide their habits, gradeting felon acts to obtain money for gambling and relying on others to bear money to re lieve them from their financial situation. This is a very serious addiction and should be considered a major health problem because it house negatively affect many serious aspects of an individuals life. There are many different influences and gateways that can survive to gambling and even a gambling addiction.Although things like scratch cards whitethorn not face like much of a threat to becoming an addiction, they can captivate the thought of winning money purely by chance which is a dangerous prospect to pose. Another factor that can lead to a gambling addiction is the link between the proximity from the casino and gambling participation. Living intimately to a casino causes much more availableness and can add to the possibility of gaining an addiction, additional gambling opportunities collectable to the front of a casino adjoin the prevalence of gambling-related problems for people who work close to a casino, as compared with people who live far from one.(Sevigny, La douceur, Jacques & adenylic acid Cantinotti, 2008)People who live closer to the casino are much more likely to unspoilt drop by and range a few hands alternatively than people who live farther and have to make an evening of it. handiness can have a large impact on gaining an addiction to gambling. Also, the recent popularity of poker has a huge impact on the expression of gambling for younger people. Poker has become very popular in our society today and is televised quite frequently showing these tinkerers not except making a living from this game of chance, but becoming millionaires. around of these players are seen as celebrities who can cause some younger audiences to imagine up to them and strive to be like them. These aspects do not today lead to a gambling problem but they can decidedly help lead to one. Technology has become a large causative factor to problem gambling. As stated earlier, accessibility can have a large impact on gaining an addiction to gambling an d the applied science of internet has brought accessibility of gambling to a whole new level. caper over the internet should be a major concern because the increase in gambling opportunities gives the potential for an increase in problem gamblers. inquiry evidence in other countries has clearly shown that where accessibility of gambling is increase there is an increase not only in the number of incessant gamblers but also an increase in the number of problem gamblers. (Griffiths, 1999) net gambling websites has dramatically increased this accessibility which will in submit increase the number of people gambling.Not everyone is susceptible to becoming a problem gambler, but the more people gambling, the more people who have the chance of becoming addicted. The popularity of internet gambling is on the rise with its undemanding accessibility and quickness. This popularity itself cannot lead to a gambling addiction but a number of the more popular poker players on television oft en promote different gambling websites where anyone of any age can play poker online. The websites allow individual to play in tournaments, play with friends and play with fake money or even real money.They are very appealing to people of all ages and easily accessible all the time which makes them a threat to contributing to problem gamblers and youth gambling. When soulfulness stimulates from problem gambling, it is not only that individual that is affected but their family, friends and community as well. There can be some peremptory aspects of gambling in terms of the social effects of gambling. Gambling can be seen as a recreation, a break from their problems of everyday life and a mincing night out. Yet these positive effects only exist if gambling is done in moderation. at one time gambling becomes a habit and a necessity is where the negative impacts arrive. Often, its those close to the pathological gambler that suffer the most. Constant gambling takes time away from fa mily, friends and other activities. If gambling becomes a problem, it can cause loss of trust between individuals and family members which can lead to family related problems and even divorce. Generally, the social problems begin with borrowing of money to apply their addiction. At this point, many friends and family may lose touch with the gambler.Being distanced from those who are closest can cause desperation which may lead to criminal activity. Pathological gambling can become so severe that they can resort to criminal activity in a last bm to body forth their financial needs. People are more likely to commit crime without mentation of the consequences when they are in a desperation mindset which is what can happen after a big loss due to gambling. Supporters for the spread of legalized gambling make claims about economic growth and more jobs but opponents have a strong case saying, various forms of way crimes, such as robberies and automobile thefts, come with gambling, as well as problems with connections to organized crime The majority of Wisconsin problem gamblers in treatment that were interviewed in Thompson et al. (1999) admitted to crimes as a result of their gambling activity, primarily property crimes. (Gazel, Rickman & adenosine monophosphate Thompson, 2001) Pathological gamblers reach a point where there are no options left so they have to resort to illegal means to support themselves displaying the severity and control that a gambling addiction can have.Having a gambling addiction does not bonny affect someone economically or socially but it can deeply affect them psychologically. Once a pathological gambler is down money, they will make bets to get wind and regain that money that they have lost. Instead of cutting their losses, they get deeper into debt, preoccupying themselves with gambling, impelled to win big to repay their loans and solve all their problems (Griffiths, 2001). A very dangerous way of thinking is the what if I win mentality.This way of thinking is especially dangerous because then they are more prone to make bigger bets with money they may not have to lose so they can receive bigger rewards. A large factor for whether someone develops this addiction has a lot to do with their personality. The type of personality someone has can have on whether or not someone develops a gambling addiction or not. Gambling is characterized by an unrealistic optimism by the gambler (Griffiths, 2001).For the most part people believe that optimism is a well way to live life by always seeing the positive things instead of dwelling on the negatives. Optimists are cognize to be less(prenominal) likely to suffer from depression symptoms following a stressful termination and seem to have more psychological benefits when compared to pessimists. Although in terms of gambling, optimism can be counterproductive, Optimists may be especially susceptible to maintaining illusory gambling expectations. Because of their gener alized expectations for success, optimists may approach gambling with the belief that they can win. (Gibson & Sanbonmatsu, 2004) Optimists may also have a tendency to relish at the positive aspects in a situation which may prolong their gambling thinking that they will win it all back. Also, people who are lay on the line takers are more prone to gambling addiction than someone who is more conservative. Not everyone is susceptible to becoming a pathological gambler and a great deal of the matter has to do with their personality type and how they look at different negative situations. Having a gambling addiction not only affects ones social life but it can have a great impact on your mind and even cause corporal difficulties.Pathological gamblers often suffer from stress-related disorders such as depression, insomnia, intestinal disorders and migraines. health problems do not only occur from the gambling itself but a significant amount of people suffer problems from the withdr awal, Rosenthal and Lesieur (1992) embed that at least 65 percent of pathological gamblers reported at least one physical side-effect during withdrawal including insomnia, headaches, upset stomach, loss of appetite, physical weakness, heart racing, muscle aches, breathing difficulty and/or chills. (Griffiths, 2001) It was also put that pathological gamblers experienced more physical withdrawal effects when attempting to breach than substance abusers who are attempting to quit. This is quite astonishing and again proves why gambling addiction is a very serious matter and should be considered just as much of a health problem as addiction to alcohol or other substances. Pathological gambling can cause great psychological damage and can cause people to do irrational things after a big loss which can sometimes even lead to self-destruction.Pathological gambling and suicide have been known to have a link to each other. Suicidal attempts among pathological gamblers are much more frequen t than among the general public. The American Psychiatric link did a study that with these results, Of individuals in treatment for Pathological Gambling, 20% are reported to have attempted suicide, (American Psychiatric Association (APA)) (Penfold, Hatcher, Sullivan & Collins, 2006) For many gamblers, coping with the negative emotions relating to their turn outs in their life can be overwhelming.Feelings of shame, hopelessness and failure may be hard to bear which sometimes makes suicide seem like the best solution for their problems. The damage to the mental aspects is one of the reasons that make pathological gambling so dangerous. The act of gambling and casinos is a very controversial topic. There are some positive aspects to the casino and gambling that include a source of jobs and economic development. Gambling is meant to be for recreational use on occasion but it can also be very dangerous. Certain people with certain personality types and lifestyles may be prone to b ecoming a pathological gambler.The effects of pathological gambling can cause a lot of harm psychologically, remove someones social and family life, cause physical damage to themselves which can even lead to their death. Gambling addiction may not be seen as dangerous or likely to happen as other addictions but the results from being a pathological gambler can be just as harmful as other addictions and should be considered just as much as a serious health issue as everything else.References Griffiths, M. (1999). Gambling Technologies Prospects for Problem Gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, vol.15, no. 3, p. 265-283. Griffiths, M. (2001). Gambling An Emerging Area of Concern for Health Psychologists. Journal of Psychology, vol. 6, no. 5, p. 477-479. Gibson, B. , & Sanbonmatsu, D. (2004). Optimism, Pessimism, and Gambling The Downside of Optimism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 149-160. Coman, J. , Burrows, G. , & Evans, B. (1997). tense up and Anxiety as Factors in the Onset of Problem Gambling Implications for Treatment. tenseness Medicine, Vol. 13, no. 4, p. 235-244. Sevigny, S. , Ladouceur, R. , Jacques, C. , & Cantinotti, M.(2008). Links between Casino Proximity and Gambling lay outicipation, Expenditure, and Pathology. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 295-301. Penfold, A. , Hatcher, S. , Sullivan, S. , & Collins, N. (2006) Gambling Problems and Attempted Suicide. Part 1. High Prevalence amongst Hospital Admissions. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, vol. 4, no. 3, p. 265-272. Gazel, R. , Rickman, D. , & Thompson, W. (2001) Casino Gambling and Crime a display board Study of Wisconsin Counties. Managerial and Decision Economics, vol. 22, no. 1-3, p. 65-75.

“The Yellow Wallpaper” Essay Outline

1. Only recently did women begin to get recognized as equals to men and in some places they still are considered as inferior. workforce are typically dominating and controlling, while women are more submissive. The sensationalistic Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, uses confining imagery, belittling dialogue, and stereotypical characters to demonstrate the sexual urge roles in nineteenth-century America. 2. The imagery in this short story conveys the feelings of a soul confined and trying to break free.Jane is a woman whose imagination is trammel by the patriarchal family. a. The windows are barred, (Gilman pg. 8) there are rings in the wall, and the floor is scratched and gouged and splintered (Gilman pg. 11). i. She is staying in a prison, symbolic of the way society is a prison to her creative inner self. b. Through the barred windows, Jane can converge the open country, which only makes her reflect on the freedom she does not commit (Shumaker pg. 596). c.The wallpape r is an image of the barrier she must put up amid the women society expects her to be and the women she wants to be. 3. The belittling and condescending way in which tush speaks to Jane reflects the way that men dominated over women. a. John calls Jane little cat (Gilman pg. 10) as though she were a baby. John is superior to her. b. John calls her moral illness a fancy. He does not really believe she is range and is only forgeing along the way a father would play along with his childs imagination. . Finally evolves into John speaking in a calm, careful tone as to not frighten Jane when she in the end goes crazy. 4. The carefully constructed character of a typical man and women show the roles society expects of John and Jane. a. The names John and Jane are carefully picked out to personate a trite man and women. They were very popular names derriere in the day and when an unknown corpse was brought in they were given the standard name John Doe or Jane Doe. b.The characters of the rational doctor and grotesque wife help portray assigned gender roles. Women are inventive and creative, while men are rational and like common-sense things (Shumaker pg. 590). c. John was a physician and so was Janes brother. It was a mans moving in and women are only good for household jobs. 5. The Yellow Wallpaper was all the way written during a time when men dominated society and women were thinking of as silly and imaginative. This short story demonstrates how some women had the feeling of elbow grease in a patriarchal society.

Engineering Ethics Essay

The need for safety is proportionate to the danger of having an mishap. Nothing is fool-proof, b arely we essential try to minimize risks. If the public is willing to run or to take such risks, who are guides to ref engage? In my opinion, the above ground is very valid and it indeed reflects the position of applied science as a process. The reason why I support this argument is because first of all, the advancements the familiarity has been able to make are collectable to the milest wizards that devote been achieved by unionizes. on that point will always be a demand for innovation so that life whitethorn become what the society wants it to be smooth and competent (Davis, 1998).To design the systems which are able to bring about these comforts, we as engineers must base our practice on the mathematical and physical principles that have been ceremonious by dint of empirical research (Baura, 2006). Any measures to safeguard the safety in the use of systems and devices designed by engineers are constant and depend on certain constants and these constants are in turn dependent on away factors. When this chain of determinants fails to hold up, past risks will arise. Nevertheless, it is our skipper responsibility as engineers to bring innovation to the society.Due to unforeseen mint, design processes or the products of these processes may malfunction, causing danger to their users or other third jumpies. But through exhibiting an affinity for these processes and products, the society is virtually signing an agreement to face the associated risks as a matter of choice and engineers crappernot dissuade them (Davis, 1998). However, all engineers have a role of ensuring that the profession is approached with persistence so that the risks emanating from its processes are as low gear as can be possible (Davis, 1998).This is our promise to the society, our conscience and our employers and the profession. That is what makes a holistic engineer p ractice. Relationship between risk and safety To encounter the relationship between risk and safety it is important to first encounter the meaning and implication of the two terms. Risk in the engineering context can be defined as the probability of an accident arising from an engineering project or a product of an engineering project (Baura, 2006). condom on its part can be defined as the submit of having a defined degree of certainty that adverse effects or accidents will not result from a process or the use of a specific device or system. With the above definitions in mind, it can be concluded that risk and safety are inversely proportional entities. Applied to engineering ethics, their implication is that we as engineers must strive, as a matter of cosmos professionally competent, to minimize risks as much as can be possible so that safety can be increased (Baura, 2006).Risks have many dimensions in that they can occur in any stage of engineering, raging from design, capit al punishment of the design and in the practise of the product of the design (Davis, 1998). The same is translated to safety since the two are mutually interdependent, related by the rule of inverse proportionality the higher the risks associated with a system or a process, the lesser the safety of the sight interacting with it. ascertain whether an engineer is responsible for an accidentUnder the unfortunate resultuality that an accident has occurred in an engineering project or in the use of a product or system designed through the engineering process, whether or not an engineer should be held responsible is a matter resolve by examining if he or she stuck by the pre-defined standards of professionalism and ethics (Baura, 2006). This is one of the primary(prenominal) concerns of engineering ethics. It is a field in the study and practice of engineering that deals with the setting and unilateral enforcement of the standards that govern the practice of engineering as a profes sion.According to these standards, an engineer is supposed to exhibit practical application, virtuous philosophy and high levels of bout to the process (Rabins, Pritchard & Harris, 2008). When these attributes are not followed to the letter, safety may be compromised. In case an accident happens and the engineer in charge of the event or system that caused the accident is found to have diverged from recommended standards of competency, then he or she should be held responsible for the accident (Baura, 2006). As discussed above, all engineering processes always involve some risks no matter how minimal.An accident may occur not because of negligence on the part of the engineer in charge but because of other factors outside his or her control (Davis, 1998). find out if an engineer is responsible for an accident therefore is a matter of evaluating the circumstances that led to the accident. If there is able proof of negligence, then the engineer should be blamed but if all evid ence shows that the engineer stuck to the recommended standards of professionalism and ethical responsibility, then he or she should not be blamed (Davis, 1998). It is just part of the risks involved in the job.Standards of due diligence Moral, ethical and professional standards of diligence applying to the practice of engineering are defined for each(prenominal) specific content by societies comprised of experienced engineers. These societies define an elaborate set of standards which an engineer unavoidably to be familiar with and show competence in before he or she is licenced to practice. Among these is the National constitute of Engineering moral philosophy (NIEE), the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) and the American Society of mechanized Engineers (AMSE).In different countries, national societies exist which liaise with the international societies for easier implementation of these standards of due dilig ence (Rabins, Pritchard & Harris, 2008). Regulating and enforcing Standards Professional engineers who have garnered sufficient experience in the profession have the moral and professional obligation of inducting graduating engineers to the practice. They, in collaboration with engineering societies and educational institutions should ensure that student engineers are taught engineering ethics as part of the regular curriculum.Upon graduating, engineering students should be made to undertake competence courses and examinations so that the required standards of ethical and professional are ingrained into their conscience before they can be licensed to operate as engineers (Davis, 1998). in that respect should be levels so that an engineer graduates from one level to another depending on experience garnered experience which should be evaluated in terms of his or her level of competence. Practicing licenses should be suspended for engineers who show incompetence in their practice. Competence, Personality and MoralityGood (competent) engineers are those who apply the standards of diligence prescribed in the engineering code of ethics. A bad (incompetent) engineer is one who does not value the above standards (Rabins, Pritchard & Harris, 2008). The are parameters (or standards of due diligence) include being knowledgeable, having the skills or expertise unavoidable for a concern(p) task and having the ethical stand to be able to take responsibility for the process itself incase of any unforeseen eventuality (Baura, 2006). A nifty engineer wholeheartedly dedicates his service to his clients, employer and to the society.When all or any of these virtues are missing, then we have a bad engineer. No matter how ball-hawking an engineer may be, he or she can be mark incompetent if he does not inject ethics into his or her practice. There is a relationship between being a candid engineer and being a good person since all ethics have a common foundation. mora lly competent people are much likely to be professionally competent (Baura, 2006). A person of good caseful in personal life transfers the virtues that define good character into his or her profession.Based on this analogy, good people are likely to make good engineers and vice versa. An individuals moral competence can be established by evaluating his or her approach to issues requiring finality and strength of character (Rabins, Pritchard & Harris, 2008). This is when morality and ethics come into play. Morally incompetent people tend to place the end before the doer whereas morally competent people exhibit dexterity in fit between their acts and the likely outcomes, putting into consideration the welfare of other people directly or indirectly affected by the issue at hand.Evaluation of an individuals morality is extremely hard since morality is essentially an intrinsic characteristic (Rabins, Pritchard & Harris, 2008). Every human being develops a unique moral outlook based on the surround and the experiences that he or she had while growing up. Since these are unique to each individual, no one has the moral right to impose his or her moral values on another (Baura, 2006). Morality can never be universal, just like knowledge.However, moral evaluations are still very necessary since as human beings and as engineers, we must build a consensus tending to those competencies which can be agreed upon as binding so that we remain and practice harmoniously, exhibiting collective social and professional responsibility. References Baura, G. (2006) Engineering Ethics An industrial Perspective. Burlington, MA Academic Press. Davis, M. (1998). Thinking like an Engineer Studies in the Ethics of a Profession. Oxford Oxford University Press Rabins, M, Pritchard, M. S. & Harris, C. (2008) Engineering Ethics Concepts and Cases. Belmont CengageBrain.